불법·비보고·비규제(IUU)어업 근절을 위한 중국의 국내법적 대응

Abstract

The management of illegal, undeclared and IUU fisheries has recently been strengthened in the international aquaculture industry and in the conservation and management of fishery resources. Over the past 10 years, Chinese government has been actively promoting the Ocean Fishery Revitalization Policy, the fishing capacity and fishing volume have increased dramatically. At present, the pelagic fishing vessels and pelagic fishing volume have surpassed the advanced fishing countries such as the EU, the United States and Japan to become the first in the world. In recent years, the pelagic fishery as a part of strategies to build “Maritime Power”, “Foreign Resource Diplomacy” and “The Belt and Road Initiative”, Chinese government has continued to strengthen support for pelagic fishery, modernization of the fishing vessels and expanding international cooperation to ensure fishing grounds and fishery resources. However, due to rapid quantitative growth and expansion of Chinese pelagic fisheries, international concern about depletion of fishery resources, destruction of ecosystems, and illegal fishing is growing. In December 2017, the ministerial conference of World Trade Organization (WTO) ministerial meeting in Buenos Aires, urged the Chinese government to discuss and respond to subsidies for pelagic fishing vessels and pelagic fishing companies. The meeting will even decide to impose sanctions such as prohibition of export pelagic fishery products. Chinese pelagic fishery faces external problems such as depletion of offshore fishery resources. International society strengthens regulations for eradication of IUU fishing, and coastal countries have strengthened resource management. China also faces internal environmental problems such as pollution of the marine environment. In addition, since June 5, 2016, the FAO Port State Measures Agreement has been implemented in earnest in order to eradicate illegal marine products trading. So the international community has begun to implement the domestic legislative measures against China's IUU fishing and eradicate the domestic IUU fishing. The purpose of this study is to investigate the status and policy direction of the pelagic fishery of China and the current status of IUU fishing, analyze the domestic legislative measures to cope with the IUU fishing and measures for the eradication of IUU fishing of our own pelagic fishing vessels. This study aims to draw policy suggestion for the establishment of Korean pelagic fishery policy.