칭찬 화행의 대화 전략적 기능 연구 - 구어 말뭉치에서의 실현 양상을 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to analyze strategic functions of conversations based on compliment speech act, which is a part of expressive speech acts. Expressive speech acts have high cultural sensitivity in that the speakers reveal their psychological states like their emotions and motives. and In addition, these speech acts are fundamental to maintaining human relationships as well as resolving conflicts in a problematic situation. In particular, the compliment speech act refers to the speech act in which the speaker expresses a positive and favorable judgment or intention about something related to the other person. In general, the expression of compliment is a representative type of speech which can be strategically used to strengthen and maintain a positive human relationship. Therefore, two aspects have been focused in this research: how compliment speech acts are realized in spoken language and how they are used strategically in conversations. In order to examine the implementation of compliment speech act of conversation. In private dialogue, 168,134 word segments of daily conversations of the Sejong corpus were examined, and a total of 410 compliment speech acts were found. The main target listeners of compliment speech act in private conversations were realized in the order of third party (45.1%) > conversation partner (32.4%) > speaker him/herself (22.4%). On the other hand. And In private conversation, following topics appeared in the order of ability (31.7%)> appearance (24.9%) > behavior (13.9%) > attitude (13.7%) > personality (9.5%) > performance (4.1%) > possessions (2.2%). The corpus showed the highest frequency of using direct compliments. Direct praise appears simply and clearly because it preserves the economics of the language. Since they are very close friends, they prefer a method that does not require various additional expressions and does not cause unnecessary misunderstanding among the participants. In addition, when additional comments were made before or after the compliment expression, 'giving the reason' was frequently used. This is a method of objectifying subjective compliments by explaining the specific reason for the speaker's subjective evaluation. The most frequently used expressions that appeared in the corpus was the adverb 'jal', followed by 'doe-ge, jin-jja, neo-mu', etc. Among the verbs, ‘ha-da’ is used the most frequently and plays a role as a substitute verb, followed by ‘joh-da, ye-ppeu-da, i-da’. Also, as a combination of adverbs and verbs, ‘jal+ha-dal’, ‘neo-mu+ye-ppeu-da’, ‘doe-ge+jal+ha-da’, ‘ja-ju+ha-da’, and ‘neo-mu+gwi-yeob-da’ were used. Compliment speech act is generally based on the social function of language. This is because it is used to facilitate effective communication between conversation participants and to maintain a close relationship. Complimenting the other person is a way to show that the speaker approves the other person, and at the same time, it is the driving force that allows the person to continue the relationship by showing goodwill. Also, compliments about third parties are a kind of 'talking about others'. Talking about someone who is not at the conversation site can be a way to create intimacy between conversation participants, and positive evaluations about third parties also serves controlling function by informing the listener of desirable behaviors expected from other speakers. Complimentary speech acts play a role of alleviating the other person's face-threatening remarks and helping the speaker achieve the desired purpose of the conversation. Also, the compliment speech act is very frequently used by the speaker as a way to keep the conversation going. This is because positive, friendly atmosphere can be created by giving compliments in which the speakers enjoy the flow of their conversations.