질적 연구에서의 자료분석: 소프트웨어 접근의 이해
Data analysis in qualitative research: Understanding software program
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초록
최근 각국에서 수행되고 있는 질적 연구의 경우 분석의 방법으로 컴퓨터 소프트웨어가 많이 활용되고 있다. 소프트웨어를 활용한 분석방법은 연구자에게 자료의 기록과 관리 그리고 분석을 도와주는 매체로서 환영받고 있으며, 이 방법을 사용한 질적 연구가 계속 증가하고 있다. 그러나 우리나라의 경우, 이 분야에 대한 이론적 소개가 충분히 이루어지지 않고 있다는 점이 문제점으로 지적되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 질적 연구 자료분석을 위해 컴퓨터 소프트웨어가 어떻게 사용될 수 있는지에 대한 전체적인 조망을 제공하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 먼저 소프트웨어를 활용한 분석 방법이 발전해 온 역사적 배경을 살펴보고, 다음으로 질적 자료분석 도구로 널리 사용되고 있는 소프트웨어인 누디스트와 엔비보에 대하여 설명하고자 한다. 이어서 누디스트와 엔비보를 활용하여 실행한 몇 개의 경험적 연구를 그 예로서 제시하고자 한다. 마지막으로 이 분야에 대한 우리나라 연구자들의 학구적 관심이 요구된다는 점을 지적하였다. 또한 질적 연구에 대한 이론화의 한 가지 분야가 테크놀로지를 활용한 질적 자료의 분석이라는 점에서 이 분야에 대한 우리나라 학자들의 심층적인 연구노력이 요구된다는 점을 제언하였다.
Abstract
Advancements in computer software have lead to increased use of computers to assist researchers with qualitative data analysis. Qualitative software has encouraged a more systematic approach to data management, and stimulated fresh interest in more formal approaches to data analysis. This paper examines the history and impact of qualitative data analysis software on qualitative research in educational field. We introduce how the software for qualitative data analysis NUDIST can be used to facilitate the process of organizing, storing, retrieving and analyzing data in research projects. We discuss the perils and promise of software packages for the analysis of qualitative data and offer specific future directions in the development and usage of software for qualitative researchers. As a concluding comment, we suggest that there should be more academic and practical interest in this field. Furthermore, as a country recognized as a leading IT frontier, we emphasize that we Korean qualitative researchers should develop a new computer software which can be used in Korean language for Korean users.
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