앙상블로서의 이해, 이해로서의 앙상블
Understanding as an Ensemble, Ensemble as Understanding
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앙상블 연주는 다수의 연주자가 일사불란하게 움직여 불협화음을 최소화하면서 일관된 음악적 흐름을 표현해야 하는 만큼 고도의 협력을 요구한다. 연주자들이 이를 수행하는 것은 이중 과제인데, 그들은 악보를 참조하여 표현해야 함과 동시에 동료들의 연주 흐름에 벗어나지 않기 위해서 자신들의 주의를 집중해야 한다. 이 연구는 실제 앙상블 연주 실행이 어떻게 가능한가 그리고 이를 어떻게 관찰 분석할 것인가의 관심에서 출발하였다. 이는 결국 실시간으로 진행하는 연주의 실제 맥락을 어떻게 기록하고 분석할 것인가의 문제이기도 하다. 이 연구에서 본 사례는 전문연주자들의 앙상블 연주상황이며, 민속방법론의 관점에서 참여관찰 및 비디오 분석을 진행하였다. 민속방법론은 당사자가 아닌 동료적 관점을 취함으로써, 이해의 공유는 서로 간의 생각의 일치가 아닌 서로 간의 행위를 조율하는 방법의 문제라고 보았다. 음악의 앙상블 연주에서 작품의 이해와 표현은 동료 간 협력과 긴밀하게 맞물려서 진행된다. 이해와 협력은 서로에게 접근가능한 표현의 구성에 따른 맥락의 흐름과 함께 생성되며, 서로에 대해 드러나는 체화된 표현으로 인해 관찰가능하다. 앙상블 연주에서 연주자들이 어떻게 작품의 해석을 다양하게 음악적으로 표현해가는지, 작품 표현의 완성도를 기해나갈 수 있는지를 분석하고, 이의 해석이 교육적으로 어떠한 시사점을 제시해 줄 수 있는지 탐색하고자 하였다. 아울러 비디오를 활용한 자료의 기록 및 관찰 분석이 실천, 이해와 협력 등과 같은 경험의 질적 해석에 어떻게 활용될 수 있는지 그 가능성을 탐색하는 데 일조할 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
An ensemble performance requires a high degree of cooperation as many performers move in perfect order to minimize dissonance and express a consistent musical flow. Performing this is a dual task for the performers: they have to refer to the sheet music for expression, while at the same time they have to keep their attention in line with the flow of their colleagues. This study started with an interest in how actual ensemble performances are possible and how to observe and analyze them. Ultimately, this is also a matter of how to record and analyze the actual context of the performance in real time. In this study, this case is an ensemble performance situation of professional performers, and participatory observation and video analysis were conducted from the perspective of ethnomethodology (EM). EM took the viewpoint of peers rather than parties, and saw that sharing of interests was a matter of how to coordinate actions between each other and not as an agreement between ideas. In the ensemble performance of music, the understanding and expression of the work proceeds in close connection with peer collaboration. Understanding and cooperation are created with the flow of context according to the construction of mutually accessible representations and are observable due to the embodied representations revealed to each other. In the ensemble performance, I tried to analyze how the performers express the interpretation of the work musically in various ways and how to achieve the perfection of the expression of the work, and explore what implications this interpretation can offer educationally. In addition, it is expected that the recording and observational analysis of data using video will contribute to exploring the possibility of how it can be used for qualitative interpretation of experiences such as practice, understanding, and cooperation.
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