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몽골 나담(naadam)축제의 민속학적 연구동향과 과제

Research Trend and Assignment for Folkloric Aspects on Mongolian Naadam Festival

박환영
한국몽골학회 (KAMS)|2011.02|몽골학 (Mongolian Studies)|제30호|pp. 61-87|DOI 10.17292/kams.2011..30.003

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참고문헌

키워드

속담proverbs설화유목문화folktalesfolk festival민속축제nomadic culture나담축제magtaal남자들의 세 경기전통적인 찬가naadam festivalthree manly games
주제분류기타동양어문학

초록

Naadam festival is one of the most unique and representative festivals of nomadic culture in Mongolia. Naadam usually is held in summer and thus it is one of the most popular summer festivals. The main events of Mongolian naadam are the so called three manly games: wrestling, horse riding and archery. Naadam festival in Mongolia contains annual customs, various traditional food and costumes, nomadic artefacts, etc. Hence it is meaningful to look into Mongolian folk culture through investigating naadam festival. The systematic approaches on naadam festival require not only diachronic perspectives, which include origins and folk tales of naadam, but also variations of naadam by cultural transmission in contemporary context. Namely, the former aspect is based upon historical documents whereas the latter deeply relies on folkloric fieldwork. Some Mongolian academics are eager to revive Mongolians' "old" tradition and history. Thus this new social phenomena has to be included into the research on naadam festival today. In this paper, on the one hand previous studies concerning naadam festival are broadly analysed, on the other hand visions and prospects of present and future approaches are suggested. In particular, folktales concerning naadam festival are analysed to show some possible research perspectives on this topic. Furthermore, naadam festival is closely linked to nomadic cultural elements such as proverbs and traditional words and sentences for blessing concerning nomadic cultures such as magtaal.

Abstract

Naadam festival is one of the most unique and representative festivals of nomadic culture in Mongolia. Naadam usually is held in summer and thus it is one of the most popular summer festivals. The main events of Mongolian naadam are the so called three manly games: wrestling, horse riding and archery. Naadam festival in Mongolia contains annual customs, various traditional food and costumes, nomadic artefacts, etc. Hence it is meaningful to look into Mongolian folk culture through investigating naadam festival. The systematic approaches on naadam festival require not only diachronic perspectives, which include origins and folk tales of naadam, but also variations of naadam by cultural transmission in contemporary context. Namely, the former aspect is based upon historical documents whereas the latter deeply relies on folkloric fieldwork. Some Mongolian academics are eager to revive Mongolians' "old" tradition and history. Thus this new social phenomena has to be included into the research on naadam festival today. In this paper, on the one hand previous studies concerning naadam festival are broadly analysed, on the other hand visions and prospects of present and future approaches are suggested. In particular, folktales concerning naadam festival are analysed to show some possible research perspectives on this topic. Furthermore, naadam festival is closely linked to nomadic cultural elements such as proverbs and traditional words and sentences for blessing concerning nomadic cultures such as magtaal.

참고문헌 (55)

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