비교문화사의 관점에서 본 한국과 몽골의 민속

Abstract

The cross-cultural research premises understanding other cultures; yet improve and understand their own culture more deeply for now. The fundamental is finding out the identity of its mother culture. Indeed, the cultural identity is not only homogeneous of them but explore the characteristics of culture should be based on the cultural universality that can be seen throughout the other cultures. The research direction can be varied which way should we choose whether diachronic or synchronic perspectives in order to compare both Korean culture and Mongolian culture. Above all, the category of research can be varied the size of comparison. A couple of points to be considered when it comes to discussing in these manners; on account of space consideration according to writer’s ability, I decided to limit the main topics are the important traits of the succession of beliefs, language and behaviors. According to the fruitful results of comparison study of Korean and Mongolia, the original name of Mac tribe might be Khori which can be seen Wiryak(魏略) or Mongolbisa ; some relationships of the transliteration in Koryo(高麗) and Kuryo(句麗). In the late Koryo period, the international exchange between Koryo Dynasty and Imperial Mongolia(麗元) was concrete and practical. The historical relationships between two cultures were dynamically acculturated; consequently, it is highly probable that two countries may have identical culture and possessed simultaneously. Furthermore, this is one of the reasons that existing folk materials are very similar. The relations between Eowar [鄂博] and Seonangdang a pile of stones, also, the new year eve taboos which are related to folklore can be seen at the same time. Stone totem pole culture can be found as well, such as Stone Statue[Huncholro] and Grandpa Stone[Dolharbang]. Despite cultural tradition of shamans which is merely some phenomenal difference, we can differentiate it in many ways. We are able to understand culture more deeply and have a clue to look into two other cultures. However, it seems to me that it is an impossible task to compare and understand in diachronic per se, due to the lack of research material and data. We are looking at Korean and Mongolian culture more closely. It is the important task on the cross cultural research on Korean -Mongolian folktale, which is a stream of folk literature. In order to study on folktales both countries, we have to have texts. Early research was carried out with secondary data from Japan and China rather than the data from Mongolia. Therefore, the most research result was discussed outlines of folktales roughly, it concluded in the perspectives of diffusionism after all. Thanks to the publication of Mongolian books which are translated into Korean, we might have a chance to look up and find out folk literature perspective so that we can see some characteristics of Mongolia folktales in detail. There are many similarities in play as well which a sort of the succession of behaviors is. Especially, many board games were found whether it is identical or similar. It may be a deductive conclusion; this board game is reflected on characteristics of the nomad culture. This may be a frame of reference that we can discover the origin of our culture. In the historical context, we have to stress out the diachronic research, when we have a cross-cultural research on Korea and Mongolia. However, we should not ignore synchronic data, although the material is insufficient. If we suppose that the highland of Mongolia and the Lake Baikal is the origin of our culture, the qualitative result cannot be made out; the nostalgia of the original of homeland per se. It is the time that we have an eagle eye on approaching to Mongolia folklore in many ways. Through this effort, I expect to have a new horizon of the cross cultural research between Korea and Mongolia.