지리적 환경에 따른 몽골청소년 도덕발달 수준의 차이 - Kohlberg의 도덕발달 이론 중심으로 -

Abstract

Modern society shows incessant occurrences of the issues caused by the political corruption, inequality, severe crimes, wars, terrors, and many others committed in the absence of justice and morality. The moral considerations and behaviors are required as basic factors to prevent and solve these problems. Concerns and attention need particularly be directed towards the morality development of the adolescents who will lead our society and the nation in the future. That is because the period of adolescence offers them with a decisive time in their lives to develop their moral nature in conjunction with the establishment of their self-identity. According to L. Kohlberg, several factors influence their moral development. Among them, what this study aims at verification is whether the factor of a geographical environment affects the young people’s morality development. To that end, a total of twenty Mongol adolescents were chosen from Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongol which is the center of politics, economy, and education, and from Övörkhangai Province of an agricultural region. Kohlberg’s hypothetical moral dilemma interview was conducted, and the levels of their moral development were analyzed, based on Kohlberg’s manual. In conclusion, the study found that like what Kohlberg’s argument pointed out, those young people residing in the city area (Ulaanbaatar) showed a higher level of moral development than those in the rural area (Övörkhangai Province). Adolescents' school lives, as well as their parents, significantly influence their moral development. Most of all, it is important for schools to promote the class atmosphere which adopts several roles for the sake of young people’s morality development. Education as well as approaches in respect of social welfare are also necessary so that young people can grow as members of society who can judge right from wrong and practice what is right.