현대 할하 몽골어의 2인칭대명사 소고

Abstract

This paper tries to identify all the second person pronoun morphemes in Modern Mongolian spoken in Mongolia. For this purpose, observations were made on various data, including the novel, articles, columns, and comments found in the Mongolian internet media, blog posts, and Twitter feeds. Attempts were made to determine if there is any functional, semantic, or pragmatic distinction among the morphemes ① /chin, cham/, ② /tan/, ③ /tany/, ④ /tanai/, ⑤ /chin'/, ⑥ /tan'/, ⑦ /ta nar/, ⑧ /ta naruud/, ⑨ /tanuus/, ⑩ /tanuud/, ⑪ /tanius/, ⑫ /taniud/, ⑬ /ta bühen/, ⑭ /ta hed/, ⑮ /ta bügd/, ⑯ /ta hoyor/, ⑰ /ta gurav/, ⑱ /ta döröv/, ⑲ /ta tav/, and ⑳ /ööröö/. The declension forms of each morpheme are presented in the tables. Introduction is made for the derivational relationships among each morphemes. Near 50 sets of discourses, sentences, or expressions were chosen from the data and altered for the comparison when necessary to investigate the native speaker’s intuition for the choosing any “proper” morpheme, or to find the possible nuance among the morphemes. Frequency in the data was compared among the morphemes. Attention was paid to know if the speaker’s age, gender, ethnic origin, education, or the native place has any influence in choosing any specific morpheme. Special attention was paid to the morphemes /chin, cham/ and /tan/ to determine what would be the distinction. Distinction between tanai and tany, “special” or “close” and “general” genitive forms of the morpheme /tan/ were also observed. The difference between the genitive forms of the morpheme /tan/ and the derived morphemes /tanai/ and /tany/ were also mentioned. Historical developments were observed on /chin, chima/ and /tan/ from Middle Mongolian to Modern Khalkha Mongolian /chin, cham/ and /tan/.