한국 근현대 경상북도 칠곡군의 수리조합 연구 - 운영 주체를 중심으로 -
A Study on the Irrigation Associations of Chilgok County, North Kyeongsang Province Modern and Contemporary Korea -Focusing on the operating subject-
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In this manuscript, we studied based on the Irrigation Associations of Chilgok County North Kyeongsang Province Modern and Contemporary Korea. Namely, the study is about the composition and the authority of the executive director and the back-benchers of Indong Irrigation Association(1931), Yakmok Irrigation Association(1934), Donam Irrigation Association(1941), Buksam Irrigation Association(1944) which were established in Chilgok during the Japanese occupation. The operator of Irrigation Association established in Chilgok exposed some features. First, Korean absentee landlord became a leader of Irrigation Association. Gilsang Chang of Indong Irrigation Association and Jiksang Chang of Sukjeok Irrigation Association who are brothers of Indong Chang are representative men. They were entrepreneurs who established a bank and a company nearby Daegu, metropolitan city. Second, the leader of Irrigation Association in the period of Japanese occupation was appointed by the Japanese Empire. But, there were many cases that the people who worked in agriculture business became leaders of Irrigation Association. There was also a case that the chief of a township became a leader of Irrigation Association, not a landowner. Third, most back-benchers in the period of Japanese occupation were ex-government employees. By the 1940s, They cooperated actively to the Japanese policy such as Name Changing Program. After Liberation, people in their late 30s-40s who farmed themselves and had academic ability equal to that of a elementary school graduate mostly became a back-bencher. The borough mayors, school back-benchers and people who experienced in a position of Irrigation Asscociation back-benches before placed a position as a back-bencher.
Abstract
In this manuscript, we studied based on the Irrigation Associations of Chilgok County North Kyeongsang Province Modern and Contemporary Korea. Namely, the study is about the composition and the authority of the executive director and the back-benchers of Indong Irrigation Association(1931), Yakmok Irrigation Association(1934), Donam Irrigation Association(1941), Buksam Irrigation Association(1944) which were established in Chilgok during the Japanese occupation. The operator of Irrigation Association established in Chilgok exposed some features. First, Korean absentee landlord became a leader of Irrigation Association. Gilsang Chang of Indong Irrigation Association and Jiksang Chang of Sukjeok Irrigation Association who are brothers of Indong Chang are representative men. They were entrepreneurs who established a bank and a company nearby Daegu, metropolitan city. Second, the leader of Irrigation Association in the period of Japanese occupation was appointed by the Japanese Empire. But, there were many cases that the people who worked in agriculture business became leaders of Irrigation Association. There was also a case that the chief of a township became a leader of Irrigation Association, not a landowner. Third, most back-benchers in the period of Japanese occupation were ex-government employees. By the 1940s, They cooperated actively to the Japanese policy such as Name Changing Program. After Liberation, people in their late 30s-40s who farmed themselves and had academic ability equal to that of a elementary school graduate mostly became a back-bencher. The borough mayors, school back-benchers and people who experienced in a position of Irrigation Asscociation back-benches before placed a position as a back-bencher.
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