중일전쟁기 만주국의 여성동원 －만주국방부인회의 결성을 중심으로－
Mobilization of Women in Manchukuo during the Sino-Japanese War -Focusing on the Organization of Manchukuo National Defense Women's Association
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At the point of time when cooperation for the war was required of women after the outset of Sino-Japanese War, the Manchukuo National Defense Women's Association was formed in Manchukuo animated by the Japanese National Defense Women's Association, a Japanese women's organization. In particular, a national policy movement encouraging each household to support the war as an agent was launched with the war developed into a long-term war of attrition. Hence, the role of women who are the central agent of household became important. With the establishment of Manchukuo National Defense Women's Association, women expanded their model of womanhood exhibited at home to the society. The women left their homes and actively participated in national policy functions including national mobilization events visiting the military, the police and the families of the ward dead. Members of this association, who were housewives, actively took part in national policies such as resources conversation movement which was state-sponsored. They utilized waste materials and refrained from consumption. The establishment of this association enabled systematic mobilization of women in Manchukuo. Most of the activities by the association were connected to the war. The Manchukuo Imperial Government organized women government groups coordinating and placing them under the state control in order to actively support the war.
Abstract
At the point of time when cooperation for the war was required of women after the outset of Sino-Japanese War, the Manchukuo National Defense Women's Association was formed in Manchukuo animated by the Japanese National Defense Women's Association, a Japanese women's organization. In particular, a national policy movement encouraging each household to support the war as an agent was launched with the war developed into a long-term war of attrition. Hence, the role of women who are the central agent of household became important. With the establishment of Manchukuo National Defense Women's Association, women expanded their model of womanhood exhibited at home to the society. The women left their homes and actively participated in national policy functions including national mobilization events visiting the military, the police and the families of the ward dead. Members of this association, who were housewives, actively took part in national policies such as resources conversation movement which was state-sponsored. They utilized waste materials and refrained from consumption. The establishment of this association enabled systematic mobilization of women in Manchukuo. Most of the activities by the association were connected to the war. The Manchukuo Imperial Government organized women government groups coordinating and placing them under the state control in order to actively support the war.
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