고려 삼별초의 진도 입도와 진도용장성전투 검토

Abstract

As Wonjong of Goryeo declared the cessation of war against the Mongols and returned to Gaegyeong, there was a backlash from Sambyeolcho against the decision. In May 1270, the Sambyeolcho rose in rebellion in Ganghwado, in an attempt to continue to fight against the Mongols. In August, they made an entry into Yongjangseong in Jindo. Initially, the Sambyeolcho increased their momentum, flexing its muscles. Eventually, in May 1271, the Jindo Yongjangseong Battle was fought between the Goryeo-Mongol allied forces and the Sambyeolcho. This study elucidates a new fact that the area around Byeokpajeong was an island. The allied forces dispersed into three groups of troops when Byeokpajeong became an isolated island during high tide, which led to their successful landing at the island. In the end, the Sambyeolcho, defeated, fled to Jejudo. There were four contributing factors to the Sambyeolcho’s defeat in Jindo. One factor was unguardedness on the part of Sambyeolcho. Another factor was, not only the Goryeo government forces but also Sambyeolcho knew each other’s next move since they both had served in the same Goryeo army. In addition to this, the formation of an alliance between Goryeo and the Mongols gave the Goryeo-Mongol allied forces a relative advantage over the Sambyeolcho. Third, the dispersed landing operations conducted by the allied forces caused confusion to the Sambyeolcho. Fourth, the new gunpowder weapon that the Goryeo-Mongol allied forces used proved to be effective.