예이츠 시 번(오)역 100년: “He wishes for the Cloths of Heaven”을 중심으로
One Hundred Year (Mis)Translation of W. B. Yeats’s “He wishes for the Cloths of Heaven”
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W. B. 예이츠의 시의 번역의 역사는 1918년 김안서(1893-195?)가 처음번역하여 서울의 한 서구문학번역 주간지에 실린 예이츠의 8행시 “그는 하늘의 천을원하네”(1899년 작)로 거슬러 올라간다. 그 이후 이 시는 100년 동안 시인들과 작가들에 의해 계속적으로 번역되었고, 가장 최근 2006년에는 17번째 번역이 나왔다. 본고는이 시의 번역에서 어휘의 선택, 문장의 배열, 태도, 영향, 등에 대한 평을 한다. 본고는 최초로 김안서의 번역이 영어원전의 번역이 아니라 구리야가와 하쿠손(1880-1923)의 1905년 일본어 번역의 중역인 것을 보여주며, 또한 복수와 단수명사의 구분을 무시하는 한국어 번역의 특성도 지적하며, 마지막으로 미래의 번역가들이 주의해야 할문제들도 다룬다.
Abstract
The translation history of W. B. Yeats’s poetry dates back to 1918 when Kim Anseo (1893-195?) translated into Korean the poet’s eight-line poem “He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven” (1899) and published it in a western literature-in-translation weekly in Seoul. The poem has since been continually re-translated over the century by other poets and scholars: the most recent and 17th translation appeared in 2006. The present essay reviews all the translations one by one with a running commentary on the choice of words, syntax, attitude, influence, and so forth. This essay demonstrates for the first time that Kim Anseo’s translation was based not on the English original but a retranslation of the 1905 Japanese version by Kuriyagawa Hakuson (1880-1923); takes note of the propensity peculiar to Korean translators to disregard the distinction between plural and singular nouns; and finally addresses problems that would-be translators should duly take heed of.
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