유럽중심주의 극복을 위한 일(一) 모색: 유럽과 이슬람세계 근대사 인식의 문제를 중심으로
Search for an Alternative to Eurocentrism -Focusing on the Problem of Comprehension of the Modern Islamic History
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Although the call for an alternative to Eurocentrism gains more attraction, it is still difficult to question the viewpoint that regards European dominated modern history as historical facts. Some historians define even now the modern world as a history of the rise and spread of western capitalism. But we felt it is now difficult to accept the notion that the Islamic societies were backward from the beginning and not able to develop by themselves. This paper tried to summarize the tradition of Eurocentrism. For a long time western scholars attempted to understand the Islamic world in the scientific way. But their efforts to see the Islamic culture as it was lay their biased impression that the Orient was regressive. Since the 1970s this paradigm of the western studies has undergone a great transformation. Edward W. Said and Marshall G.S. Hodgson have been successful in betraying the Eurocentrism contained in the Orientalism which the Western historiography forced the Islamic world to obtain. Nowadays rises a new understanding that Western history was merely a regional history and accordingly it is important to place Europe in its particular context and understand it through the relations with the history of non-European societies. By focusing on responses of non-European societies, it would be more plausible to find a new understanding of world history. With these in mind, some approaches are worthy of note in going beyond the Eurocentrism. Presently, history of interaction, cultural transfers and “entangled histories” are considered an alternative field of research for non-Eurocentric historiography.
Abstract
Although the call for an alternative to Eurocentrism gains more attraction, it is still difficult to question the viewpoint that regards European dominated modern history as historical facts. Some historians define even now the modern world as a history of the rise and spread of western capitalism. But we felt it is now difficult to accept the notion that the Islamic societies were backward from the beginning and not able to develop by themselves. This paper tried to summarize the tradition of Eurocentrism. For a long time western scholars attempted to understand the Islamic world in the scientific way. But their efforts to see the Islamic culture as it was lay their biased impression that the Orient was regressive. Since the 1970s this paradigm of the western studies has undergone a great transformation. Edward W. Said and Marshall G.S. Hodgson have been successful in betraying the Eurocentrism contained in the Orientalism which the Western historiography forced the Islamic world to obtain. Nowadays rises a new understanding that Western history was merely a regional history and accordingly it is important to place Europe in its particular context and understand it through the relations with the history of non-European societies. By focusing on responses of non-European societies, it would be more plausible to find a new understanding of world history. With these in mind, some approaches are worthy of note in going beyond the Eurocentrism. Presently, history of interaction, cultural transfers and “entangled histories” are considered an alternative field of research for non-Eurocentric historiography.
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