现代汉语“VV+补语”结构分析― 以上海话为重点
Analysis “VVC” Structures in Shanghai Dialect
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In this paper, we examined the resultative complement structure in the form of “VVC(verb-reduplication+complement)” in Shanghai dialect. We found that this structure, though rarely used in the modern Chinese Mandarin, was frequently used in the modern southern dialects. According to the corpus data, the real “VVC” form of the verb-resultative complement structure began in the Yuan Dynasty, then disappeared in the northern dialect, but was retained in the southern dialect. In our opinion, the form of “VVC” in shanghai dialect includes “Verb-Resultative complements-Object” type and the “Verb-directional complements-Object” type. These two “VVC” structures have two meanings： increased quantity and decreased quantity, which are different from min(闽) dialect and northern dialects. Secondly, the structure of “VVC” in shanghai dialect is mostly used in imperative sentences, indicating a kind of trial meaning, which can strengthen or soften the tone. There are also a parts of “VVC” structure that are often preceded by a auxiliary verb “要”, indicating a wish or intention of the speaker, so this structure has a certain degree of subjectivity, and this structure appears in the unfinished sentence. In short, the semantic and functional overlap of verbs in the “VVC” structure of shanghai dialect is much more complicated than in the modern Chinese Mandarin, and there are also great regional differences.
Abstract
In this paper, we examined the resultative complement structure in the form of “VVC(verb-reduplication+complement)” in Shanghai dialect. We found that this structure, though rarely used in the modern Chinese Mandarin, was frequently used in the modern southern dialects. According to the corpus data, the real “VVC” form of the verb-resultative complement structure began in the Yuan Dynasty, then disappeared in the northern dialect, but was retained in the southern dialect. In our opinion, the form of “VVC” in shanghai dialect includes “Verb-Resultative complements-Object” type and the “Verb-directional complements-Object” type. These two “VVC” structures have two meanings： increased quantity and decreased quantity, which are different from min(闽) dialect and northern dialects. Secondly, the structure of “VVC” in shanghai dialect is mostly used in imperative sentences, indicating a kind of trial meaning, which can strengthen or soften the tone. There are also a parts of “VVC” structure that are often preceded by a auxiliary verb “要”, indicating a wish or intention of the speaker, so this structure has a certain degree of subjectivity, and this structure appears in the unfinished sentence. In short, the semantic and functional overlap of verbs in the “VVC” structure of shanghai dialect is much more complicated than in the modern Chinese Mandarin, and there are also great regional differences.
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