白雲 沈大允의 『儀禮正論』에 대한 小考 － 19세기의 禮 本義의 주요 관점 제안과 관련하여－

Abstract

Baekun Sim Dae-yun (1806〜1872, hereinafter referred to as Baekun), who lived in the early and mid 19th century, authored Uirye jeongnon (Right Theory on Rites) associated with Three Rites, which is a new right theory of on rites from the viewpoint of the study on Chinese classics, which embraces esteem and respect on the basis of worshiping the king and respecting subjects. Baekun realized that the existing rites, practiced as classical rites, were manipulated in the process of transfer due to scholars' falsehood and errors. He then tried to correct these errors, to reestablish the rites for the preceding king, and thus to establish them as the foundation for governing the state and for assessing commoners' blisses and woes. Baekun proposes the spirit of rites of the 19th century in the process of development of the right theory on rites. First, shifting from the complex procedures and formalities that were differentiated according to people's status in the past, he proposes unified and simplified principles of rites under which rites are not differentiated according to low or high status of people. Second, shifting from the past strict spirit of respecting in rites, namely, from the excessively authoritative or rigid rites, he emphasizes the combination of respecting and harmony. Third, he criticizes the empty formalities and vanity of the 19th century, and abnormal divine propensity of rites, he proposes a fundamental measure, which emphasizes humanism-based human rites, human knowledge, and people emotion and practicality. This spirit of Baekun's Uirye jeongnon is deemed to be a bridge in the development of the mental system of subsequent 20th century early modern and modern rite studies, namely, non-class, practicality, usefulness, and simplicity.