기장 성곽의 변천과 지역인식

Abstract

This study examined the local perception of the Gijang(機張) fortress. In previous studies, there was a lack of examination into the Gijang fortress. A fortress is a big conspicuous structure and in turn has a big impact on local society’s perception. Therefore, the study looked into the local perception of the Gijang fortress centering on literatures. The Gijang fortress has 6 remaining sections. There exist various types fortresses in Gijnag. In terms of operation, it is characteristic that they continued to operate and two or more operated at one time. The operation of fortresses can be divided into 5 periods, “7th century – Unified Shilla(新羅) – End of Goryeo(高麗) and beginning of Joseon(朝鮮) – before and after the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 – Since 17th century” Based on this, the study classified the conception of fortress into a national perception and a local perception. The national perception appears in geographical names and perceptions. The name of Gijang has changed “from Gaphwaryanggok(甲火良谷) to Gijang(Chaseong,車城)” It means ‘a suburban town’ or a strategic point in the frontier. The Gijang fortress symbolizes the geographical name, Gijang in a visual presentation. The geographical perception of a strategic point was also reflected in historical literatures about Gijang. Therefore, Gijang fortress could be operated continuously and the operations of the fortress left its perception in the local society. The local society’s perception of fortress also appears in old maps. In the old maps of Gijang were marked Eupseong(邑城), a center of the region as well as fortresses which could be used in emergency. Other examples of the perception of fortress are Jinsan(鎭山) and Seongsan(城山). Jinsan of Gijang is Tansan(炭山). The origin of Tansan is related to steel and it suits Jinsan’s condition. In addition, the geographical name of Seongsan also appears in old maps. Seongsan means the mountain where the Gijang fortress is located. Seongsan was marked due to local society’s perception of the Gijang fortress and for preventing confusion with Tansan and utilizing the fortress. Judging by these various examples comprehensively, the Gijang fortress had a continuous impact on the local society. In addition, it appeared as various perceptions in the local society.