기장 교리토성 성격에 대한 검토

Abstract

The earthen fortification of Gyori is also called the Goeupseong Fortress of Kijang. The earthen fortification of Gyori is a masonry based type stamped earthen fortress of Pyeongsan, which was constructed between hill and flatland. The shape of the plane surface is elliptical. The fortress is about 1600m long, making it the longest within the Busan area. In particular, the fortress is slightly longer than other fortifications because its military importance, such as protecting a large population, the status of the administrative district, defense against Japanese raiders and etc were reflected in this fortification. The earthen fortification of Gyori and mountain fortress of Kijang demonstrates complementary relations between a governing fortress and a masonry fortress that was obviously intended for protection and shelter. Among construction methods of earthen fortifications, the earthen fortification of Gyori, the body of which has been confirmed was constructed by the carving method, is estimated to be the most ancient among the earthen fortifications within the Busan area. It can be seen that the earthen fortification of Gyori was built very long ago due to the perpendicular style of the inner walls. Among the construction methods for the body of the fortress, intervals of stones, which played the role of the cornerstone of the crossbeam, were confirmed to be about 390～400cm. The cornerstone installation was a popular construction method of the Koryo Dynasty, where cornerstones, such as Gangwha Middle Fortress (within 4m), Jeju Hangpaduseong Fortress (3m), Hoam earthen fortification of Chungju, Masan Hoewonhyeon Fortress(3.8m) and etc were installed with equal interval measures. Therefore, it can be said that the earthen fortification of Gyori was constructed at least after the middle of the 8thcentury, considering the installation of the mountain fortress of Kijang and KijangHyun. According to the results of recent archaeological surveys and literature research, it can be known that the Kijang earthen fortification of Gyori was constructed and managed during the 8thtothe14century,undergoingtheprocessfromnon-masonry stylobate type to masonry stylobate type. It can also be seen that the earthen fortification of Gyori underwent continuous change after the unified Silla period and throughout the Koryo Dynasty. In addition, it can be seen that the role of a governing fortress and the military defense fortress installed at Ancient Mountain Fortress were transferred remains of historic interest.