「遊金剛錄」에 나타난 再思堂 李黿의 산수 인식과 그 정신사적 의미

Abstract

This thesis intends to comprehend the natural characteristics of the intellectual history in the early period of Chosun(朝鮮) Dynasty through study of the perspective taken for mountains and water(山水) in YooGumGangRok(遊金剛錄) written by JaeSaDang(再思堂) LeeWon(李黿)(?∼1504). LeeWon(李黿) was not directly taught by Jeompiljae(佔畢齋) KimJongJik(金宗直). Nevertheless, as he got related to Jeompiljae(佔畢齋) and his students, he became one of the important figures who contributed to establishing the foundation of the natural characteristic of intellectual history through relationship with him and his followers in the early Chosun Dynasty. He was dismissed from his official position in the 24th year of King Seongjong's reign (1493) for assigning a posthumous name for Jeompiljae(佔畢齋) as MunChoong(文忠), which later gave a reason for him to be victimized in Sahwa. His work, YooGumGangRok(遊金剛錄), is a journal he wrote as he traveled Mt. Kumgang after his dismissal. In the introduction of the text, LeeWon(李黿) understood Mt. Kumgang as a place for both Sun·Bul(仙·佛) and YooSang(遊賞). He was in fact absorbed into the pleasure of the nature and enjoyed the feeling of Toaist hermit as he traveled Mt. Kumgang. This perspective was consistently shown in most of poems included. However, he did not sink into the mysteriousness of Mt. Kumgang but continuously maintained the tension with the real world. The power of this tension rooted in thorough commitment as a Confucian scholar. Especially he had a very strong standpoint for Buddhism. In dealing with Buddhist remains and tales, he either focused on criticizing certain specific pieces or intentionally ignored them. His main views were always focused on the real world and the problems of human beings. This view was also reflected in his description of nature and created the uniqueness of bringing the social beauty from nature. Furthermore, he revealed a more enhanced Neo-Confucianist perspective towards the nature and objects. He integrated epistemology and ethics by observing objects and finding their inherent logic and by regarding nature as ethical realization. As a result, Mt. Kumgang became the land of human and Confucianism, and ultimately the place of exploring the reason and experiencing the truth. His perspectives for natrue and objects to some extent overlap with that of the contemporary literary writers but to a certain extent he went further beyond it. To the extent his perspectives overlap, the “common intellect” that had its breath during that time, can be verified. Although LeeWon(李黿) did not identify himself as a student of Jeompiljae(佔畢齋), he was partly affiliated to the psychological magnetic field formed by the young students of Jeompiljae(佔畢齋). In light of this, it would not be wrong to consider him as a psychological student of Jeompiljae(佔畢齋), from a large perspective. To focus on his advanced perspectives on nature and objects, it can be evaluated as a “New understanding of nature and objects”, in that it showed a more deepened thoughts of reason and truth. At the same time, his perspectives are not stiffened by his moralist attitude, partly because of the characteristics of that period and also because the poems included in the text softened the stiffening. On this basis, at least from the view of Neo-Confucianist understanding of nature and objects, he can be credited for opening the 16th century.