<公無渡河歌>의 作者와 創作空間에 대한 文獻的 硏究

Abstract

This study deals with the writer and creative space of <Kongmudohaga> in the light of two keywords, ‘Chosunjinjol’ ‘Kwakrijago’ and ‘doha’, as their identification has been at a standstill. There were several controversial issues including the writer’s nationality related to <Kongmudohaga>. These issues were raised largely because <Kongmudohaga> as lyrics and <Konghuin> as music were not definitely distinguished in recent studies as well as in ancient writings. Even though Choe Pyo’s 『Kogeumju』, recording <Kongmudohaga> as lyrics for the first time, showed that <Konghuin> was written by Yeo-ok and that <Kongmudohaga> was written by a white-haired mad man’s wife, the writer of <Kongmudohaga> was often concluded to be Yeo-ok because of its first phrase where <Konghuin> was written by Yeo-ok, the wife of Chosunjinjol Kwakrijago. There was a considerable gap between the presumed writing time and the literature-recording time of <Kongmudohaga>. In this case, it is important to consider the cultural and geographical circumstances in its recording time. Chosunjinjol or ‘ha’ of ‘doha’ should be approached in the same viewpoint, as well. There have been several views particularly about ‘Kwakri’ of ‘Chosunjinjol Kwakrijago’. This study showed that Kwakri was a last name and Kwakrijago was from Gojoseon, Korea’s first kingdom, on the basis of materials recorded in ancient literature such as 『Manjeongtongbo』, 『Heumjeongsoktongji』 and so on. As ‘ha’ of ‘doha’ should be identified as an absolute precondition in confirming the nationality of characters and the creative space of <Kongmudohaga>, this study revealed that ‘ha’ of <Kongmudohaga> was not the Taedong River, but the Chosunha in the region of Liaoxi. This revelation overthrew the conventional theories which reached the same conclusion under the influence of pragmatists in the late Chosun Dynasty who concluded ‘ha’ of <Kongmudohaga> to be the Taedong River, or which reserved its identification. The fact that ‘ha’ was the Chosunha in the region of Liaoxi provided a critical clue in identifying the nationalities of Kwakrijago and his wife, of the white-haired mad man and his wife, and of <Kongmudohaga>.