17·18세기 서학서 연구의 몇 문제에 대하여

Abstract

The 17th and 8th centuries is when Western studies were formed and developed in East Asia. As European Jesuit missionaries entered China, an opportunity was provided, and it developed through the interest and mutual negotiations of Chinese intellectuals. The result is Western leaning books. This books includes ideological areas such as Christian theology and Western philosophy, as well as natural science areas such as astronomy, mathematics, history, and geography. However, the Western Learning which was called "Celestial Learning[天學]" at the time, did not recognize natural science as a separate discipline from ideal theology or philosophy, but had an integrated academic system that could recognize God's providence through natural science. Nevertheless, in the Qing Dynasty, the so-called "Western Religion[西敎]" and "Western Tools[西器]" were separated by the 『Siku Quanshu(四庫全書)』editor's critique of the Western Learning and the theory of Western tool in Eastern thought at the end of the 19th century, which was an extension of it. The problem is that those who study the Western Learning today have adhered to this perspective. Therefore, the main focus was on the acceptance of natural science, leaving aside the ideological negotiations between the Joseon intellectual community and the Western Learning. And it seems that there was a limit to properly understanding the relationship between the Joseon intellectual community and the Western Learning. This study attempts to raise a problem from this perspective. In addition, the errors that occurred in the bibliographic review of the Western Learning books were also pointed out. In general, this books in the 17th and 18th centuries are known as the works of Western missionaries. However, it can be confirmed that there are joint writings between missionaries and Chinese intellectuals, as well as writings by Chinese intellectuals. This fact will open the door for the legitimate evaluation of the subjective role of Eastern intellectuals who sought to accept and transform Western knowledge at the time for logic that had simply explained the relationship between Western studies and Eastern knowledge in the 17th and 18th centuries as "transmission and acceptance." On the other hand, I hope that new vitality will be revived in the study of Western Learning books in the 17th and 8th centuries, and I added simple suggestions for translating books in the future.