국내 육성 벼 243 품종의 형태적 특성에 따른 품종 분류
Classification of Korean Rice Varieties Based on Agro-morphological Traits
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초록
국내 243개 벼 품종에 대하여 잎과 줄기의 형태적 특성조사결과를 바탕으로 주성분 분석 및 군집 분석을 수행하였다. 잎몸의 길이 및 너비는 만생종에서 각각 46.98 cm과 1.46 cm로 가장길고 넓게 나타났으며, 흑미로 분류되는 품종의 제1엽, 본엽, 잎혀에서 안토시아닌 색소를 나타내었다. 잎의 녹색정도는 중간녹색을 가진 품종의 비율이 높았고 갈라진 잎혀의 모양을 가진 품종이 대부분이었다. 또한, 간장의 길이는 조생종에서 최대치105.42 cm가 나타났고 중생종에서 최소치 60.72 cm가 나타났으며, 분얼수는 중생종에서 최소치 5.6개와 최대치 18.8개가 모두나타났다. 일부 벼 품종을 제외하고는 출수기와 황숙기 지엽자세가 동일한 형태를 띠었으며 대체로 직립형이 많았고, 수평은극히 일부에 불과하였다. 출수기를 포함한 정량적인 7가지 특성을 이용하여 군집분석을 실시한 결과, 총 4개의 품종군으로 분류되어 주성분분석과 동일한 결과, 조생종, 중생종 및 만생종, 그리고 혼합된 군집 경향을 보였다. 이와 같은 결과, 신품종 발굴을위해서는 육종의 초기세대에서 숙기형태별로 계통을 구분하여적응성을 평가하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) promotes an effective system of plant variety protection and encourages the development of new varieties of plants. This international convention was initiated to standardize the system efforts and strengthen policy. The establishment of cultivar discrimination system is very important to distinguish varieties between domestic and foreign agricultural products. It is necessary for the protection of breeders’rights. In addition, it will help for more efficient and quality management of plant breeding. This study was conducted to identify and group rice varieties based on agro-morphological characteristics such as plant height, panicle length, number of tillers, culm length, leaf length, leaf width, leaf pigments and flag leaf angles. Using these parameters, statistical analysis classified a total of 243 rice varieties bred in Korea into four groups. Most rice varieties did not exhibit anthocyanin pigments on the leaves particularly on the first leaf, leaf blade, leaf sheath and auricle, except for varieties classified as black rice. Results of phylogenetic and principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that these varieties formed three largely distinct clusters according to their ecotype and morphological differentiation. This result would be useful in rice varietal identification for the protection of breeders’variety rights.
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