Evaluation of the interspecific hybrids between Allium cepa L. and A. fistulosum L.
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Abstract
Interspecific hybrids between onion (Allium cepa L.) and green onion (Allium fistulosum L.) were produced using pistillate parents of two male sterile onion (msC1, msC2) and one male sterile green onion line (msF1), and pollen parents of one male fertile green onion (mfC1) and four fertile green onion lines (mfF1~mfF4). Seed set from interspecific pollinations was better on onion than on green onion and varied by green onion genotypes. The weight of F1 seeds were lighter than those of parental species, but germination rate was relatively high, ranging from 52.8% to 73.4% by cross combinations. Both parental species and the hybrids have somatic chromosomes of 2n=16, but several asymmetrically paired bivalents were observed at meiosis in the hybrids. The hybrids were intermediate for plant type and bulbing shape, but superior in vegetative growth and pseudo-stem size to parental species. The F1 plants from the cross between onion and green onion cross flowered late April to early May but some populations do not flowered (bolted) due to its onion characteristics. Umbel size of the F1 plants was similar to that of onion but flowering order in an umbel was irregular. The size of pollen grains of the F1 hybrids was similar to those of green onion. Degree of stained pollen grains ranged from 0.0 up to 25.3% depending on crossing combinations.
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