연계재배법을 이용한 도열병 내구저항성 검정
Durability of Rice Cultivars to Blast in Korea by Sequential Planting Method
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도열병 저항성의 내구성을 검정하기 위하여 연계재배법을 개발하였고, 이를 이용하여 한국에 분포하고 있는 도열병균에 대한 유망 육성계통 및 단인자 저항성 계통의 내구성 정도를 평가하였다. 1. 섬진벼 등 6개 참고품종에 대해 연계재배법으로 내구성을 평가한 결과 섬진벼, 팔공벼는 내구성이 높은 지속저항성 효과를 보였으며, 대산벼, 기호벼는 중간 정도의 내구성을 보였고, 진미벼, 일품벼는 내구성이 전혀 없는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 단인자저항성 계통 중 IRBL5-M(Pi5(t))과 IRBL3-CP4 (Pi3(t))가 국내 도열병균에 대하여 내구성이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 광범위 저항성원으로 알려진 IRBL9-W(Pi9(t))는 연계재배 3회차 부터 급격히 병 발생이 증가하여 우리나라의 도열병균에 대한 내구저항성은 없는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 3. 국내 육성 유망 계통 중에서는 수원 474호, 수원 476호, 계화22호가 안정적인 내구저항성을 보였다. 4. 본 실험에 공시한 도열병균 중에서 철원63호에 친화성이 있는 균주는 없었으며 수원478호는 1균주와 친화성이 있었다. 이들 두 품종은 내구성이 높은 것으로 나타났지만 정확한 내구성 여부를 평가하기 위해서는 친화성 균주가 포함된 조건에서 실험이 다시 수행되어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. 5. 연계재배법에 의한 벼 도열병에 대한 안정•지속 저항성은 친화성 균주가 5개 이상이면서 연계재배 평가동안 병반면적율이 40% 이하인 경우로 정의하였다.
Abstract
A sequential planting method was developed to identify durable blast resistance in Korean rice cultivars. Two types of rice cultivars were investigated by a sequential planting after inoculation of mixed 26 rice blast isolates. Daesanbyeo and Gihobyeo, showing initial high resistance in farmers field followed by rapid breakdown of the resistance in very short periods, showed low disease until the third and fourth planting but later showed higher than 40% DLA (diseased leaf area), respectively. In contrast, Palgongbyeo and Seomjinbyeo, showing low disease occurrence and sustainable field resistance during the last 20 years in farmers' field, showed less than 20% of DLA until the seventh planting. Results from the sequential planting method in greenhouse were significantly similar to the farmers' field data, suggesting that the current sequential planting method is effective to evaluate durability of rice blast resistance. Durability of 22 rice cultivars (lines) has been examined by the sequential planting method. Monogenic rice lines, IRBL5-M(Pi5(t)) and IRBL3-CP4(Pi3(t)) exhibited durable resistance to Korean rice blast isolates below 40% of DLA during the sequential planting times. Interestingly, susceptible symptoms emerged from IRBL9-W(Pi9(t)), known to be associated with broad-spectrum resistance, since the third planting time, and disease severity of IRBL9-W extremely increased from the fourth planting time. Suwon474, Suwon476, Gyehwa22, and Palgongbyeo were identified as durable resistance cultivars (lines) to Korean blast isolates by the sequential planting method. This work will be applied to establish the new Korean differential system for resistant breeding program to blast.
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