귀농귀촌 개념과 정책 방향 재정립에 관한 연구: 충남 사례를 기반으로

Abstract

A clear definition of ‘returning to farming and urban to rural migrants (RFURMs)’ is important in that it identifies the beneficiaries of policies. This study aims to explain RFURMs in theoretical terms as well as in terms of policy scope so that the policy target of RFURMs in Chung-nam province is clear. Using National Statistical Office data, the divergence between the beneficiaries of government support and local levels was examined. Some local counties tried to identify the correct numbers for potential recipients by using the total number of surveys from community leaders. Another county did not differentiate between new residents who are qualified as returning to farming or urban to rural migrants and new residents who were not actually categorized in either group. There is a gap between national government policies and the implementation of those programs by local governments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the government RFURMs support policies in order to address these weaknesses. The revised definition provided by the government in 2015 resulted in a significant increase in residents who could be classified as urban to rural migrants. This meant that resources were being used to support people who could not meet policy objectives. As a result of investigating five counties in Chung-nam province, the necessity of distinguishing between returning to farming and urban to rural migrants for efficient policy making is clearly evident. Separation of migrant groups into those who have come to enjoy rural life and those who aim to establish farms means that effective policies can be designed and implemented for each group. On the other hand, comprehensive policy support should be given to those who have not yet joined either group by underpinning various programs in the local community to assist them in making their decisions.