다종 협력 관계로서의 토종씨앗 지키기 실천
Native Seed Saving Practices as Multispecies Collaborative Relationships
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이 논문은 6개월간의 민족지적 현장연구를 바탕으로 강원도 여성농부들의 토종씨앗을 재배하여 지키는 실천을 다종민족지의 관점에서 분석한다. 이를 위해 씨앗과 식물이 가진 생물학적 특성-번식력과 적응력-에 주목하며 이 비인간 존재들을인간과 관계 맺고 영향을 주는 능동적인 주체이자 행위자로 그려낸다. 본고는 토종씨앗 지키기 실천이 관련 지식과 기교를 가진 인간에 의해서가 아닌 인간과 씨앗/ 식물의 협력 관계를 통해 이루어진다고 주장한다. 또한 토종씨앗이 여성농부들에의해 키워지는 것만이 아니라 이들을 자연의 순환성을 깨닫고 그에 기반한 농사를지을 수 있는 농부로 성장시킨다고 주장한다. 이 연구는 씨앗/식물과 인간의 다종적 상호 관계를 통해 토종씨앗 지키기를 분석함으로써 두 가지 학술적 공헌을 하는것을 목표로 한다. 첫째, 인간중심으로 논의를 전개하고 비인간 존재는 경시하는토종씨앗 지키기에 관한 국내 선행연구를 보완하고자 한다. 둘째, 인간-비인간 관계를 탐구한 국내 연구에서 발견되는 동물 편향성을 극복하고 비동물 존재에 대한학술적 관심을 끌어내고자 한다.
Abstract
Drawing on six months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article analyzes the seed saving practices of women farmers who cultivate and conserve native seeds in Gangwon-do from the perspective of multispecies ethnography. To this end, it focuses on the biological characteristics of seeds and plants, such as the ability to reproduce and adapt to the environment, and understands these nonhuman entities as active subjects and agents, forming relationships with and influencing humans. The article argues that the practice of saving native seeds is not achieved solely by humans with relevant knowledge, skills, and techniques, but through collaborative relationships between humans and seeds/plants. Besides, it contends that native seeds are not only grown by women farmers, but also cultivate them into farmers who realize the cyclical nature of nature and are able to farm based on it. By interrogating native seed saving through the multispecies interrelationship between seeds/plants and humans, the article aims to make two academic contributions. First, it seeks to complement the existing body of Korean researchers’ scholarship on native seed saving that has developed an anthropocentric discussion and downplayed nonhumans. Second, it intends to overcome an animal-centered bias found in a body of literature written in Korean that explores human-nonhuman relationships and thus to draw academic attention to non-animal beings.
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