인류학적 관점에서 개발된 치아 마모도의 분석 방법 검토
Review of Previous Studies on Dental Wear Method
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참고문헌
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초록
치아 마모는 과거 사회의 사람들이 어떤 음식을 섭취했고, 어떤 문화적 관습을 행하며 살았는지에 관한 정 보를 제공할 수 있다. 그러나 지금까지 치아 마모를 분석하기 위해 만들어진 방법들은 마모를 측정하는 범위에 대한 정의가 매우 상이하며, 이를 측정하는 절차 또한 실험자의 주관적인 판단 하에 분류된 것들이 많아 치아 마모도를 나 타내는 객관적 지표라고 평가하기 어려운 점이 많았다. 또 고고학 유적지에서 출토된 사람 뼈를 가지고 치아 마모도 를 분석한 연구들은 많지만, 서로 다른 방법으로 마모도가 측정되어서 연구 결과를 비교할 수 없었다. 이 연구에서는 다양한 치아 마모도 분석 방법들을 정량적 측정방법과 정성적 측정방법의 두 흐름으로 나누어 살펴보고, 각 방법들 이 가지고 있는 한계를 고찰해보고자 한다. 이를 통해 현재까지 마모도 분석 방법의 동향을 파악할 수 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 향후 치아 마모도 분석에 관한 연구가 어떤 방법과 절차에 따라 진행되어야 하는지 그 객관적 기준을 마련 하는데 기여할 수 있기를 기대해본다.
Abstract
Tooth wear records valuable information ranging from diets to cultural behaviors such as using teeth as a tool. However, methods analyzing tooth wear in archaeological skeletal remains have been designed and developed with subjective standards and processes. In addition, the definition of measuring range is different by each method and some have not specified it exactly. For this reason, there are limits to attempt a comparison between studies using different types of tooth wear methods even though data on tooth wear in ancient populations have been accumulated for many years. To solve this problem, it is needed to establish a method that can objectively diagnose tooth wear. This study aims to examine systematically a variety of tooth wear methods which have been developed from an anthropological point of view and to consider limitations of each method. A total of 20 research papers which describe a new dental wear method or advanced one were included in this review and then classified into two categories based on the properties of the measurement value, which means both qualitative and quantitative methods of dental wear. Qualitative wear methods were examined according to two subdivisions (① entire pattern on the occlusal surface, ② sum of quadrants on the occlusal surface). On the other hand, quantitative wear methods were divided into three classifications (① angle, ② height ③ area) and each category was reviewed. This approach enables to help understand the trend about methods for analyzing tooth wear, and would contribute to establishing an objective tooth wear method by more standardized criteria in the near future.
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