엘리트 운동선수의 무릎관절 등속성 굽힘-폄 근력과 근력비율
Isokinetic Strength of Quadriceps and Hamstring, Hamstrings/Quadriceps Ratios in Elite Sports Athletes
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 무릎관절 손상이 없는 다양한 종목의 엘리트 선수들의 넙다리네갈래근의 근력과 넙다 리뒤근육의 근력을 분석하여 목표가 될 수 있는 기준과 앞십자인대 손상 예방에 도움이 될 수 있는 굽힘근력/폄 근력 비율의 적절한 범위를 명확히 제시하는 것이다. 본 연구의 피험자는 국내에서 활동 중인 엘리트 운동선수들 중 무릎관절에 의학적 문제가 없는 104명을 대상 으로 하였다. 무릎관절의 폄근력과 굽힘근력 그리고 굽힘근력/폄근력 비율은 등속성 장비인 Cybex 770 Model을 이용하여 주측 다리의 무릎관절 굽힘/폄 검사를 60/s에서 3회를 실시하였다. 통계처리는 운동 종목별에 따른 무 릎관절의 폄근력과 굽힘근력 그리고 굽힘근력/폄근력 비율의 차이를 분석하기 위해 One Way ANOVA를 이용하 였으며, 사후 검증은 Scheffe 방법을 이용하였다. 통계적 검증을 위한 유의 수준은 p⁄.05로 하였다. 무릎관절 폄근력 절대치의 동성간 차이는 없었으나, 남자 종목 선수들이 여자 종목 선수들보다 유의하게 높았 다(p⁄.05). 무릎관절 폄근력 상대치는 남자 프로 배구선수를 제외한 남자 프로 농구, 야구, 축구 선수들이 여자 선 수들에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p⁄.05). 무릎관절 굽힘근력 절대치의 동성간 차이는 없었으나, 남자 종목 선수들이 여자 종목 선수들보다 유의하게 높았다(p⁄.05). 무릎관절 굽힘근력 상대치는 남자 프로 농구, 야구, 축구선수들이 여자 선수들보다 유의하게 높았다(p⁄.05). 그러나 남자 배구선수와 여자 선수들 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 무 릎관절 굽힘근력/폄근력 비율은 모든 집단간의 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 약 54~64%의 비율을 가지고 있었다. 우리나라의 남자 프로 농구, 축구, 배구, 야구 선수 간의 무릎관절 폄근력과 굽힘근력의 차이는 없으며, 여자 프 로 선수들의 근력은 남자 선수들의 근력에 비해 현저히 낮은 수준에 있다. 그리고 등속성 장비를 이용하여 60/s 에서 굽힘근력/폄근력 비율을 측정했을 때, 남자 프로 농구, 축구, 배구, 야구 선수와 여자 프로 농구, 하키 선수 간 의 차이는 없으며, 굽힘근력/폄근력 비율은 약 60% 전∙후가 권장된다. 그러나 굽힘근력/폄근력 비율만이 여자운 동선수의 앞십자인대 손상에 관련된 것이 아니라 많은 요인들이 작용하고 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate of isokinetic strength of quadriceps and hamstring, hamstrings/quadriceps ration in elite sports athletes to provide the data for injury prevention, fitness level evaluation and training methodology. The subjects selected for this study were 104 elite sports athletes. They didn’t have any medical problem. Isokinetic peak torque, flexor/extensor ratio at 60 deg/sec of the knee extension and flexion were measured using an cybex 770. The data were analyzed utilizing One way ANOVA. The level of statistical significance was set at p⁄.05. On the basis of the results analyzed in this study, conclusion were drawn as follow: 1. Dominant knee extension peak torque (Nm) were no significant differences in man but man elite athletes were higher than woman elite players in 60 deg/sec (p⁄.05). 2. Dominant knee extension peak torque (% body weight) of man elite athletes were higher than woman elite players in 60 deg/sec except only man volleyball athletes (p⁄.05). 3. Dominant knee flexion peak torque (Nm) were no significant differences in man but man elite athletes were higher than woman elite players in 60 deg/sec (p⁄.05). 4. Dominant knee flexion peak torque (% body weight) of man elite athletes were higher than woman elite players in 60 deg/sec (p⁄.05). 5. Knee flexion/extension peak torque ratio (H : Q) were no significant differences according to sex and proper H : Q ratio was 54~64%.
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