한국인 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면의 유형
Types of Calcaneal Articular Facets of the Talus in Korean
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초록
체중을 지탱하고 발의 운동에 많은 영향을 미치는 목말뼈의 세 발꿈치관절면에는 다양한 형태학적 변이가 존재한다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 지금까지 이러한 변이에 대한 연구는 그다지 많이 이루어지지 않았으며,특히 한국인 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면에 대한 연구는 아직 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 한국인 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면의 형태를 조사하여 그 유형을 분류하고 특성을 분석하였다. 재료로는 46구의 한국 성인(남성, 28; 여성, 18) 사체에서 적출한 마른 목말뼈 76개(남성, 47; 여성, 29; 오른쪽,38; 왼쪽, 38)를 사용하였다. 조사에 사용한 시신의 평균 연령은 64세였다. 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면의 유형은 다음과같이 분류하였다: A형, 세 관절면이 모두 분리되어 있는 형; B형, 앞 및 중간관절면이 연결되어 있으나 능선에의해 구분되는 형. B형은 두 관절면이 패임에 의해 부분적으로 나뉘어 있는 B1형과 패임이 불확실하여 두 관절면이 나뉘지 않은 것처럼 보이는 B2형으로 세분하였다; C형, 앞 및 중간관절면이 합쳐져 있는 형. 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면의 유형 중 가장 흔한 것은 B형으로 60.5%의 출현율을 보였으며, B1형(28.9%)과 B2형(31.6%)이 서로 유사한 빈도로 관찰되었다. C형은 30.3%로 두 번째로 흔하게 관찰되었고, A형이 9.3%로 가장드물게 나타났다. 남녀를 비교해 보면, 남성에서는 C형이 더 많았고 여성의 경우에는 B1형이 더 많이 관찰되었다. 발꿈치관절면의 유형에서 좌우의 차이는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 목말뼈의 길이는 남성에서 55.9 mm로 여성의52.8mm에 비하여 약간 길었으나, 목말뼈의 너비에서는 남녀간에 거의 차이가 없었다. 이 연구를 통하여 한국인 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면의 형태는 남녀간에 차이를 보이며, 다른 인종과도 다른 것을확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 밝혀진 목말뼈 발꿈치관절면의 특징은 발의 운동역학을 이해하는데 있어서 유용한기초정보가 될 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.
Abstract
Tali are one of the essential components for weight bearing and play an important role in the foot action. The three calcaneal articular facets of the talus are believed to have diverse morphological variations. However, so far, analysis of the articular facets has not been performed in Korean. In the present study, we classified calcaneal articular facets of the talus and measured several parameters of this bone in Korean adults. Seventy six dry tali (male, 47; female, 29; right, 38; left 38) obtained from forty six (male, 28; female, 18)Korean adult cadavers were used for the investigation. The average age of the cadavers was 64-year-old. Types of calcaneal articular facets of the talus were classified as follows: Type A, a type with three separated facets; Type B, types in which anterior and middle facets are connected, but distinguished by a ridge. Type B was subdivided into B1 (having a notch that separates the two facets partially) and B2 (without a definite notch, thus the two facets appear to be continuous smoothly); Type C, a type with combined anterior and middle facets. Type B was found to be the most common type (60.5%), and the incidence of its subtype B1 (28.9%) and B2(31.6%) was similar to each other. Type C was noted in 30.3% of the cases, and type A was ranked the lowest (9.3%). Compared to the opposite gender, type C occurred more frequently in males, while type B1 was more prevalent in females. The length of the talus was somewhat longer in males (55.9 mm) than in females (52.8 mm). However, there was no difference between the two sexes in the width of the talus. We could confirm that morphology of calcaneal articular facets of the talus is different between males and females. Also, our results indicate that characteristics of the facets of Korean differ from those of other races. The characteristics of calcaneal articular facets of the talus disclosed by the present study may provide valuable information for the understanding of motor mechanics of the foot in Korean.
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