독일 그로스 쉐네벡 EGS 실증 프로젝트 연구사례
Case Study on Groß Schönebeck EGS Project Research in Germany
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초록
본 논문에서는 독일 북부의 그로스 쉐네벡 지역에서 진행된 EGS 실증프로젝트를 수리자극 시험 중심으로소개한다. 이 지역에서는 사암 및 화산암으로 이루어진 심도 4 - 4.4 km의 지층 내에 각각 1개의 주입정과 생산정을 갖는 순환 시스템을 구성했다. 정단층 및 주향이동단층 응력상태 하에서 물 또는 젤과 균열지지체를 주입하여주입정과 생산정에서 각각 수리자극이 이루어졌으며, 그 결과 주입지수가 0.97 m 3 /(hr*MPa)에서 7.5 m 3 /(hr*MPa) 로 증가하였고 생산성지수는 2.4 m 3 /(hr*MPa)에서 10.1 m 3 /(hr*MPa)로 4.25배 증가했다. 그러나 주입정과 생산정을 연결하는 순환수리시험에서는 2년간 생산성지수가 8.9 m 3 /(hr*MPa)에서 0.6 m 3 /(hr*MPa)까지 감소했다. 화산암층에서의 수리자극에 대해 전단 미끄러짐 해석을 수행한 결과 전단균열의 발생 방향 및 요구되는 유체 압력을실제 수리자극 결과와 유사하게 예측해 냈다. 화산암층에서의 수리자극 시 미소진동을 관측한 결과 모멘트 규모-1.8에서 -1.0 범위의 미소진동이 80회 나타나 미소진동의 발생은 극히 미미했다.
Abstract
This paper presents a case study of an enhanced geothermal system(EGS) demonstration project conducted in Groß Schönebeck, Northerm Germany, focusing on hydraulic stimulation. The project was conducted with doublet system in sandstone and volcanic formations at 4 - 4.4 km depth. Under normal faulting to strike-slip faulting stress regime, hydraulic stimulations were conducted at injection and production wells by massive waterfrac and gel-proppant fracturing. Injectivity index increased from 0.97 m 3 /(hr*MPa) to 7.5 m 3 /(hr*MPa) and productivity index increased from 2.4 m 3 /(hr*MPa) to 10.1 m 3 /(hr*MPa) by a series of hydraulic stimulations at both wells. After circulation tests through injection and production wells, however, productivity index decreased from 8.9 m 3 /(hr*MPa) to 0.6 m 3 /(hr*MPa) in two years. Slip tendency analysis for the stimulation in volcanic layer estimated the required pressure for shear slip and its preferred orientations and it showed reasonable match with actual stimulation results. Through the microseismicity observation for the stimulation of volcanic formation, only 80 seismic events with its moment magnitudes in –1.8<Mw<-1.0 were observed, which are unexpectedly low for EGS hydraulic stimulation.
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