李仁老의 사례로 본 고려전기 直翰林院의 운영과 역할

Abstract

This article examined the operation aspects of auxiliary of Hanlin Academy(直翰林院; kor. jikhanrimwon), a civil post at Hanlin Academy, centered on a case of Yi Il-Lo(李仁老), thereby intending to understand the process of documentation of the king’s orders and operation process of auxiliary of Hanlin Academy. The main content is summarized as follows. Yi Il-Lo, who was born in 1152, passed a state examination in 1180 and worked as auxiliary of Hanlin Academy from 1185 to 1197 via auxiliary of Historiography Institute(直史官; kor. jiksakwan) in 1183. He was appointed to drafter of royal pronouncements(知制誥; kor. jijego) in 1213 and died at an age of 69 in 1220. Hanlin Academy originated from Department of Royal Pronouncement(元鳳省; kor. Wonbongseong) and was organized into Hanlin Academy under the reign of King Hyeonjong through modification by King Gwangjong and King Seongjong. All posts in Hanlin Academy were concurrent posts. Under the reign of King Yejong, all posts excluding auxiliary of Hanlin Academy were made into concurrent posts under the law. However, auxiliary of Hanlin Academy was operated as both a concurrent post and a full time job. Basically, the successor to auxiliary of Hanlin Academy was selected when there was a vacancy. The candidates were those who had good character and behaviors among successful examinees. If one had some defect in one’s family or status, one was not appointed. In addition, one’s character and behaviors should have no grounds for disqualifications. Not anybody was able to recommend a candidate for auxiliary of Hanlin Academy. Grand Councilors who had passed a state examination, expressed as confucian scholars, exerted their right of recommendation. Yi Il-Lo was recommended by Mun, Geuk-gyeom, a prime-minister at the time. Because the successor to auxiliary of Hanlin Academy was chosen when there was a vacancy, those who were selected thought that they were somebody’s successor. Lastly, I've also assumed the roles of auxiliary of Hanlin Academy at the end of this article. The basic role of auxiliary of Hanlin Academy was to write a ceremony writing, for example, writing a prayer for Buddhist or Taoist ceremony or a composition for the funeral of the king. auxiliary of Hanlin Academy was also in charge of “management”, for instance, managing a schedule for drafter of royal pronouncements, who prepared the king’s orders, so that they were able to write them at a proper timing. auxiliary of Hanlin Academy also played the role of copying what drafter of royal pronouncements had written in an appropriate form into a formal document. For such reasons, a rhetorical expression that auxiliary of Hanlin Academy drafts king’s pronouncements