A Study of Anthropological Perspectives on Wife Beating
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참고문헌
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초록
이 논문은 아내구타 현상에 관한 비교 문화적 사례연구 문헌들을 분석하여 가정폭력에 관한 인류학적 접근을 조사하고, 아내구타 현상의 인류 문화적 보편성과 특수성을 이해하려는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 문헌 분석을 통해 아내구타 현상과 관련된 일련의 사회문화적 요인들을 확인하였는데, 그 요인들에는 젠더적 관계성, 가부장적 남성관, 사회변화, 아내구타에 개입하는 사회적 지지망, 가족 내 여성들 사이의 관계적 특징, 결혼 후 부부의 거주 형태, 평화를 이루기 위한 사회적 공감대와 기풍, 개인의 자율성에 대한 존중을 포함한다. 이 요인들은 전 지구적으로 특정 사회에서의 아내구타 현상의 심각성 혹은 상대적 부재의 예측에 관한 상관적 설명을 제공할 수도 있을 것이다. 또한 분석결과, 아내구타의 빈도와 강도 사이에 항상 상관관계가 성립하지는 않는다는 것을 확인하였다. 전체적으로 이 연구 결과가 중요하게 시사하고 있는 점은, 사회마다 아내구타를 사회문제로 규정하고 용인하는 정도와 그 문제 현상을 다루고 해결하려는 사회적 전략에도 차이가 있을 수 있다는 사실이다. 아내구타에 관한 인류학적 접근은 가정폭력 예방을 위해 사회사업가들이 사회적 전략을 수립할 때, 이와 관련된 주류문화의 통념적 가치에 휩쓸리지 않으면서도, 제거해야 할 그 사회의 문화적 결점들보다는 개발되고 발전되어야 할 문화적 자산에 주목할 수 있도록 도와준다.
Abstract
This study aims to examine anthropological perspectives on wife beating through a review of the anthropology literature on case studies of wife beating, and to understand the cultural context of wife beating in terms of its universality and distinctiveness. This study identifies a range of socio-cultural factors contributing wife beating phenomena, which include gender relations, cultural pressure of a male sex identity, social change, social network to intervene violence, relationship among females, postmarital residence, pacific ethos, and respect of one's autonomy. These factors may be associated with the prevalence or relative absence of wife beating phenomena around the world. Findings also note that the severity and the frequency of wife beating are not necessarily correlated with each other. Above all, the findings hint that there could be variances in defining and tolerating the wife beating phenomena as a social problem and differences among societies in making social strategies dealing with such phenomena. Anthropological perspectives on wife beating permit social workers to look at cultural properties to be preserved and developed rather than cultural deficits to be removed to prevent domestic violence without being dictated by the conventional morality of the dominant culture explaining such phenomena.
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