일반위탁아동 보호과정에서의 친부모 경험 연구 : 아동의 위탁보호를 자발적으로 요청한 친부모를 중심으로
Birth Parents' Experience of Non-Kinship Foster Care Process : With a Focus on Birth Parents Who Voluntarily Agreed to Place Their Children in Foster Care
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 아동의 위탁보호 원인으로 인식되어 가정위탁보호과정에서 잘 알려지지 않았고 소외되어왔던 친부모를 가정위탁보호의 구성 주체라는 관점에 기초해, 친부모와 아동․위탁부모․사회복지사 간의 상호작용 경험을 심층적으로 탐구했다.‘일반위탁아동의 친부모는아동의 보호과정에서 어떤 경험을 하는가?’라는 연구 질문을 기초로, 일반위탁아동의 친부모 10명과 심층 면접을 했고, Strauss와 Corbin(1998)이 제시한 근거이론 방법으로 자료를분석했다. 연구결과를 요약하면 첫째, 사회복지사가 친부모에게 관심을 두고 소통하면서 협력할 때친부모가 아동의 위탁보호과정에 더 잘 참여했고, 그 결과 아동의 친가정 복귀를 위한 자구책 모색에 적극적이었다. 그러나 둘 간의 접촉이 부족한 경우 친부모는 아동의 위탁보호과정에 거의 참여하지 않았고, 아동의 친가정 복귀를 위한 자구책 모색에도 소극적이었다. 둘째, 친부모와 아동 간의 접촉이 정기적이고 지속적일 때, 두 사람 간에 친밀한 유대관계가이루어져 아동의 친가정 복귀 가능성이 있었지만, 아동과 접촉이 부족한 경우 아동의 보호기간이 연장되거나 친가정 복귀 가능성이 희박했다. 셋째, 친부모와 위탁부모 간에 소통이있을 때 아동의 문제를 함께 의논하는 개방적인 협력관계를 형성할 수 있었고, 서로 접촉이없거나 부족한 경우 아동의 보호와 관련된 협력 이 이루어지지 않았다. 넷째, 가정위탁보호센터와 사회복지사가 친부모를 위한 서비스를 제공했을 때 아동의 친가정 복귀 가능성이있었으나, 제공하지 않았을 때는 아동의 친가정 복귀 가능성이 희박했다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 친부모 지원과 아동의 친가정 복귀를 위한 정책과 실천을제언했다.
Abstract
This study was conducted with the purpose of understanding the experience of birth parents of children in non-kinship foster care with a focus on exploring the interaction of birth parents with their children, foster parents and social workers. In order to answer the question "What kind of experiences do birth parents have during the foster care process of their children?," 10 birth parents who have had their children placed in foster care for at least a year were interviewed. Data was analysis using methods based on ground theory. The main study results were as follows. First, when social workers cared about birth parents and formed a cooperative relationship with them, birth parents participated more actively in their children's foster care process, which further motivated them to work harder at making plans to reunite with their children. When interactions between social workers and birth parents were rare, however, birth parents did not participate in the foster care process of their children and were passive in exploring measures to reunite with their children. Second, when interactions between birth parents and children occurred regularly and continuously, a close relationship developed between the two and the reunification became a possibility. In contrast, when there was a lack of interaction between the two, either the foster care period was extended or the reunification became unlikely. Third, when there was an interaction between birth parents and foster parents, they could openly discuss and cooperate with each other in helping the children to deal with problems at hand. When interaction rarely occurred between the two, however, no cooperative relationship could be formed. Fourth,when social workers provided services to birth parents, the reunification became a possibility while it became a distant reality when no services were provided. Based on the study findings, implications for policies and social work practice with respect to birth parents and family reunification were discussed.
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