栗谷 學脈의 修養論에 관한 硏究 : 栗谷․巍巖․南塘을 中心으로

Abstract

This article, from the perspective of the theory of self-culture, combines the opinions of Yulgok, one of the greatest scholars of Sung Confucianism in Chosun Dynasty with main issues of the Horak argument (argument of whether the original nature of human beings and beasts are same or not) which had developed from his school and has the purpose of investigating the ultimate goals of then Confucian scholars and their methods for mental culture. First, I look for why Yulgok paid a special attention to [intention], a mental state, being before a practical judgment in a daily life and methods to change his or her disposition for the recovery of the original nature. The attitude of pursuing moral consciousness with sincerity emphasized the self-control efforts that put a wrong state of temperament on a right place. And along with this, he also adopted a double standard in order to invigorate the natural state like a great morale, depending on situation. Second, I examine meanings of subjects of issues which had been formed and discussed in the Korean Confucianism circle that also took over the opinions of Yulgok and different views around them. Discussions related to 'being dormant' that tries to embody pure moral consciousness in the theory of self-culture dealt by Confucianism scholars were a key subject, called Horak argument. Oiam stressed efforts to harmoniously build his or her right mind (differentiated from dignity) and nature, while Namdang emphasized regulation of spirits by saying that people cannot escape from a basis of disposition. Through the above study, it has been found that tries to integrate correction and stimulation, a method to change temperament, suggested by Yulgok were divided into two methods of the theory of mental culture through Horak argument.