高峰은 退溪의 四端七情說에 동의하였는가 - 주자어류의 四端是理之發 七情是氣之發에 대한 논의를 중심으로

Abstract

Gobong and Toegye had discussed the Doctrine of "Four Bases and Seven Feelings" over eight years. Recently, it is said that Gobong agreed with or accepted Toegye's doctrine of Four Bases and Seven Feelings in the Encyclopedia of Confucianism published by Sungkyunkwan University and in the Translation of Gobong's Whole Book published by the Institute for the Translation of Korean Classics. Also, when closing their discussion, Gobong wrote the Later Doctrine of Four Bases and Seven Feelings and the Total Doctrine of Four Foundation and Seven Feelings. In them, there is a few of sentences that Gobong seemed to accept Toegye's doctrine of Four Bases and Seven Feelings. On the other hand, in a few of theses recently published, there are a few opinions that Gobong neither accepted Toegye's doctrine nor he consented Toegye. Therefore, their opinions of understanding positions of the two are opposed to each other. Gobong and Toegye had their own positions in the process of understanding "Four Bases as the Arousing of Principle and Seven Feelings as the Arousing of Vital Force" in Zhuziyulei. Toegye clang to the position of sharply distinguishing Four Bases from Seven Feelings and constantly accepted these sentences in Zhuziyulei. On the other hand, firstly Gobong criticized them, because he thought that they were in accordance with Toegye's doctrine, but later he agreed with them. Gobong called Toegye's method of understanding these sentences a doctrine of corresponding to them (對說), while he did his own method a doctrine of having a foundation for them (因說). Toegye agreed with Gobong's opinion that Toegye's method of understanding these sentences is a doctrine of corresponding to them. Toegye constantly argued that Four Bases and Seven Feelings were sharply distinguished, as is in the case of the human nature of original substance and that of disposition. On the other hand, Gobong had a position that Four Bases were the good side of Seven Feelings. Toegye emphasized that it was correct to say that Seven Feelings was called the arousing of vital force because they were regarded as vital force, and so accepted the doctrine of "Seven Feelings as the Arousing of Vital Force" in Zhuziyulei. Gobong emphasized that Seven Feelings were regarded as the arousing of principle and vital force, firstly criticized the doctrine of "Seven Feelings as the Arousing of Vital Force" in Zhuziyulei, but later accepted it, in that this doctrine was an expression of considering a real situation of principle was week and vital force is strong. Nevertheless, he still maintained a view that Seven Feelings were the arousing of principle and vital force. The two scholars had no controversy over "Four Bases as the Arousing of Principle."Considering the two scholars' opinions of "Four Bases as the Arousing of Principle and Seven Feelings as the Arousing of Vital Force" in Zhuziyulei, Gobong constantly had an argument that Four Bases were the good side of Seven Feelings and Seven Feelings were the arousing of principle and vital force. This argument is different from Toegye's doctrine of Four Bases and Seven Feelings. It seems to me that we have to correct such a view that Gobong agreed with or accepted Toegye's doctrine.