양수명의 향촌 건설을 위한 이념과 정치사상적 원칙에 대한 고찰 - 전통 유학과 근대화의 관계 문제를 중심으로 -

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to contemplate the Ideals for Rural Reconstruction and Principle on Political Ideology that were undertaken by Liang Shu-ming during the 1930s with the Focusing on Issues related to Traditional Confucianism and Modernization. Liang Shu-ming intended to realize the assertion of convergence for east-west culture that was established in the 1920s by reforming the social structure of China at this time. He defined the most important characteristics of rural society of China as distraction. And, he found that the cause of such attribution was that China was the ethics-oriented society while the west was the group-oriented society. He referred to the ethics of China as the ethics of affection that placed importance on obligation based on the warmth for others and it was considered as the most value spirit of Confucianism. However, he intended to pioneer the path of Chinese by having the rural society that was loosened from the foregoing to accept the collectivism of the west. On the basis of such ideology, he presented the principle of political ideology of the rural reconstruction movement. First, the social ethical norm is more valued than the legal system and place more importance on the new political customs over the new political system. Second, consider the reality of Chine with priority, but select the ones with value from the political ideology of the west to converge both of them. Following this principle, he presented the concept such as the politics by majority for the rule of men. And, third, the society with flawless rational communication was striven for on the basis of the warmth. The ideology of rural reconstruction where the Confucian affection and western collectivism are combined has its implication in the point that it is an attempt to overcome the flaw of rationalism of modern era of the west and individualism in the modern era of the west. While accommodating the democratic political ideology, the ideals of Confucian politics of ethics has not been discarded as its another positive aspect. However, there is a room for criticism for neglecting the issues on rights as underestimating the political competency of general public. In addition, it is also regrettable that the ideology of combining the benevolence and justice and collectivism was not applied to the issue of relationship between human and nature.