京畿地域 華西學派의 義理思想과 實踐 硏究 - 重菴 金平默과 抱川出身 華西門人을 中心으로 -

Abstract

In the latter Joseon society, there was exploitation by bureaucracy landowners as ruling class inside, and there was invasion by Western powers and Japan outside. In this age, Hwaseo School advocated ‘Choksaron(斥邪論)’ that is distinguish Chinese-Orient from Western barbarian with the thoughts of patriotism-exclusion of foreigners(保國攘夷) and Wijong Choksa(衛正斥邪;defend orthodoxy and reject heterodoxy). So Hwaseo School became the first School of Wijong Choksa, and they performed the movement of memorial to the Throne and the patriotic soldier against Japan. In that time, the members of Hwaseo School experienced the damage of trade policy for privilege of foreigners and the flood of foreign goods. They foresaw that negotiation with Japan and the West ruined Joseon economically and culturally. Therefore, they adhered to consciousness that keeping to Confucian culture was the way protecting country. Recently, Japanese ministers kept making absurd remarks about mordern history. Japan who is selected by U.S. for restraining China and maintaining hegemony in East Asia is promoting a global military power. In this situation, Korea who experienced losing sovereignty by invading of foreign power have to pay attention to spiritual foundation of Hwaseo School that led most powerful resistance in the critical situation of the Western infiltration into the East in the latter Joseon particularly the era of opening of ports. So this study considered Kim Pyeong-muk who was the one of Hwaseo School in Pocheon, Choi Ik-hyeon who sent up the memorial to the Throne 'the memorial of bear a axe and lie down in front of palace(持斧伏闕疏)' and Yoo Ki-il who led the memorial to the Throne in 1876 with their annals, books and local records of history.