중학생의 신체활동에 따른 요일과 장소별 에너지소비량
Patterns of Energy Expenditure by Site- and Day-specific Physical Activity
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초록
신체활동 에너지소비량을 측정하기 위해 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 방법은 자기보고법이다. 이 연구는 자기보고법의 한 종류인 기록을 통해 중학생의 에너지소비량을 활동장소와 요일, 성별로 추정하고 차이가 있는지를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이 목적을 달성하기 위해 집락표집법을 통해 서울에 위치하고 있는 중학교 남녀 학생 65명을 대상으로 하였다. 장소와 요일별 에너지소비량을 추정하기 위해 7일간의 활동을 상세히 기록하도록 하였으며 기상에서부터 취침전까지의 활동을 1일 활동으로 정리하였다. 수집된 자료는 통계패키지 프로그램 SPSS 11.0을 이용하여 기술통계분석과 변량분석을 실시하였다. 요일별로 중학생들의 활동장소별 에너지소비량은 차이가 없지만 에너지소비량이 가장 많은 장소는 학교이며 가장 적은 장소는 기타 장소이다. 또한 에너지소비량이 가장 많은 요일은 금요일이며, 가장 적은 요일은 일요일이다. 학교에서 에너지소비량이 많은 이유는 소비하는 시간이 가장 많고 점심시간이나 휴식시간에 운동이나 놀이를 통해 활동량이 많기 때문이다. 특히, 금요일에는 다른 날에 비해 수업시간이 많고 또한 체육시간이 있기 때문이라는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한 요일과 장소에 따라서 중학생들의 에너지소비량은 차이가 있는 반면에 성별에 따라서는 차이가 없다. 그러나 성별과 장소에 따라서 에너지소비량은 차이가 있다. 다시 말해, 남학생들은 여학생에 비해 학교에서 많은 에너지를 소비하고 있는 반면에, 여학생들은 학원과 집에서 많은 에너지를 소비하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 중학생들의 에너지소비량은 장소와 요일에 따라서 차이가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 에너지소비량을 증가시키기 위해 활동장소별로 활동 특성을 파악하고 신체활동 중재역할을 할 수 있는 프로그램 개발이 요구된다.
Abstract
Globally, obesity and physical inactivity are two health issues affecting young people. Reference data for physical activity level and activity-related energy expenditure are needed for a better understanding of the effect of activity on childhood health, growth, and development. The purpose of the present study was to assess site-specific energy expenditure by gender, day, time of day, day of week with a self-reported questionnaire and compare patterns and amount of energy expenditure in children. 65 Middle-school children were recruited throughout cluster sampling told to recoding their physical activity at all sites throughout time of day during one week. According to the results, middle-school children had the highest dose of energy expenditure during school. School and other site-specific physical activities, however, had no different energy expenditure by day of week. During week, children had the highest physical activity on Friday which had much of classes and physical education. Considering gender differences of physical activity, female children had highest energy expenditure in commercial institution and house, and male did in school. These results suggest energy expenditure in middle-school children could have changes over gender, sites, week days and the intervention program for promotion of physical activity must consider site-specific physical activities.
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