남녀 대학생의 정서 얼굴 자극 및 사회불안에 따른 시간 추정
The Effects of Emotional Faces and Social Anxiety on Time Estimation in Male and Female Korean College Students
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초록
본 연구에서는 사회불안 정도와 정서자극에 대한 시간 추정의 관계를 확인하고자 하였다. 113명의 대학생의 사회불안 정도를 측정하였으며, 정서자극에 대한 시간 추정과의 관계는 시간양분분할과제(Temporal Bisection Task)를 통하여 확인하였다. 본 연구에서의 시간양분분할과제는 참여자들이 학습단계에서 400ms, 1600ms의 각 기준 시간을 학습한 뒤, 평정단계에서 다양한 시간대로 나타나는 자극이 학습한 기준 시간 중 어디에 가까운지를 평정하는 것이었다. 참여자에게 5개의 시간 조건(400ms, 700ms, 1000ms, 1300ms, 1600ms)으로 분노․중립․기쁨의 얼굴표정을 제시하였으며, 제시된 자극이 400ms에 가깝다고 생각되면 ‘짧다’, 1600ms에 가깝다고 생각되면 ‘길다’로 평정하도록 하였다. 실험 결과, 남녀의 반응 방식이 달라 성별로 구분하여 분석하였다. 여성의 경우 사회불안이 높을수록 분노 정서를 길게 지각하는 경향이 높은 반면 남성의 경우 사회불안과 정서 간에 유의한 상관이 나타나지 않았다. 이는 사회불안이 높은 여성의 경우 분노 경험을 더 길게 지각하는 인지적 편향을 가지고 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between levels of social anxiety symptoms and time perception of emotional faces. A total of 113 college students participated in the two stages of the research. First, they completed the Korean version of the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale. Second, they performed a temporal bisection task using a computer to index perceived duration of emotional faces. In the temporal bisection task, participants were trained to get used to two anchor duration conditions (400ms, 1600ms). Then, they chose between “short” or “long” responses to stimuli that were presented in one of five durations between 400 to 1600ms and three emotional faces. As gender differences were found in the patterns of responses, analyses were conducted separately for gender groups. For women, the higher the social anxiety, the longer the tendency to perceive anger. Conversely, there was no significant correlation for man. This suggests that socially anxious women have a cognitive bias in longer perceptions of anger experiences.
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