사회불안 성향자의 분노 얼굴에 대한 크기지각 편향 연구
Size perceptual bias associated with angry face in social anxiety
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초록
본 연구는 사회불안자의 고차적인 인지처리과정에서 나타나는 부정적인 정보처리 편향이 지각과정에서도 나타나는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 사회불안자의 크기지각 편향을 측정하기 위해 고사회불안 집단(n=20)과 저사회불안 집단(n=22)에게 정서 얼굴표정 자극(행복, 분노, 중립)을 에빙하우스 착시 형태의 원으로 제시하여, 크기가 유사하다고 판단되는 한 개의 원을 10개의 원 중에서 선택하게 하였다. 그 결과, 고사회불안 집단은 저사회불안 집단에 비해 분노 얼굴을 유의하게 더 크게 지각하였으나, 행복과 중립 얼굴은 집단 간 차이가 없었다. 또한, 각 집단 내에서 얼굴표정의 정서가에 따른 크기지각의 차이를 분석한 결과, 고사회불안 집단은 얼굴표정의 정서가에 따라 크기지각 차이가 유의하지 않은 반면, 저사회불안 집단은 분노나 중립 얼굴을 행복 얼굴에 비해 유의하게 더 작게 지각하였다. 이런 결과는 고사회불안 집단이 크기지각과 같은 지각과정에서도 부정적 정서의 영향을 받는데, 부정적인 얼굴표정에 대한 주의 통제의 어려움으로 인해 주의를 더 많이 할당하여 더 크게 지각하는 편향을 보이고, 더 나아가 타인과의 상호작용에서 불편을 경험하는 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
This study investigated whether negative information-processing bias appears in perceptual processes and high order cognitive processes in individuals with social anxiety. To measure the size perceptual bias of individuals with social anxiety, a high-social anxiety (HSA; n=20) and low-social anxiety (LSA; n=22) group were presented happy, angry and neutral facial expressions and asked to choose a circle similar in size to the target face. The HSA group perceived the angry face as being significantly larger than the LSA group, while there were no significant differences in size perception between happy and neutral facial expressions. The results also revealed differences in size perception depending on the types of the facial expressions for each group. Specifically, the HSA group did not show differences in the patterns of size perception among facial expressions, while the LSA group smaller perceived significantly angry or neutral faces than happy faces. These findings indicate that size perception by the HSA group is affected by negative emotions and that this group perceives more negative faces as large. Because they allocate more attention and have difficulty of attentional control on negative faces. These factors results in HSA individuals experiencing problems during social interactions with others.
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