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굼뜬 인지적 템포자의 내부 산만성에 대한 연구: ADHD 집단과 비교

Internal Distractions of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo: A Comparison with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

이장한|하소서
한국임상심리학회 (Korean Clinical Psychology Association)|2023.03|한국심리학회지: 임상심리 연구와 실제 (Clinical Psychology in Korea: Research and Practice)|제9권 제1호|pp. 65-86|DOI http://doi.org/10.15842/CPKJOURNAL.PUB.9.1.65

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참고문헌

키워드

주의력 결핍 과잉행동 장애굼뜬 인지적 템포Sluggish Cognitive TempoAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder내부 산만성마음 방황internal distractionmind-wandering

초록

본 연구는 굼뜬 인지적 템포자(sluggish cognitive tempo: SCT)와 주의력 결핍 과잉행동 장애자(attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: ADHD)가 보이는 산만성의 차이를 내부 산만성과 외부 산만성으로 나누어 비교하였다. 바클리 성인 ADHD 척도를 사용하여 SCT 집단(n = 22), ADHD 집단(n = 21), SCT+ADHD 집단(n = 25), 대조군 (n = 23)을 선발하여, 두 소리 조건(조용한 조건: 내부 산만성, 소음 조건: 외부 산만성)에서 사고 탐침과 Go/No-Go 과제를 수행하였다. 소리 조건에 따라 사고 탐침 시 마음 방황(내부 산만성) 및 외부 산만성을 선택한 비율을 측정하였고, Go/No-Go 과제에서 반응 누락과 반응 속도, 정확률을 측정하여 집단간 비교하였다. 실험 결과, 사고 탐침에서 SCT 집단(SCT, SCT+ADHD)은 ADHD 집단 및 대조군보다 조용한 조건에서 마음 방황을 선택한 비율이 많았던 것에 비해, ADHD 집단(ADHD, SCT+ADHD)은 SCT 집단 및 대조군보다 소음 조건에서 외부 산만성을 선택한 비율이 많았다. Go/No-Go 과제에서는 SCT 집단은 대조군 보다 Go 조건에서 누락이 많았으며, ADHD 집단은 SCT 집단 및 대조군 보다 Go 조건에서 빠른 반응 속도와 No-Go 조건에서 정확률이 저하되었다. 이러한 결과는 주의 집중 상황에서 SCT는 내적 산만성, ADHD는 외부 산만성을 많이 경험한다고 인식하지만, 소리 여부에 따라 SCT와 ADHD의 과제 수행 중 산만성 차이는 명확하지 않았다는 것을 보여준다. 즉 SCT가 ADHD와 구별되는 내부 산만성을 기반으로 한 주의력 결핍 증상일 가능성을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study compared the differences in distractibility between individuals with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) and those with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in terms of internal and external distraction. Using the Barkley Adult Rating Scale–IV, we divided the participants into four groups: (1) SCT group (n = 22), (2) ADHD group (n = 21), (3) SCT+ADHD group (n = 25) and (4) Control group (n = 23). Participants then performed thought probe and Go/No-Go task under different sound conditions. In the thought probe task, the rate of response to mind-wandering (internal distraction) and external distraction was measured according to the sound conditions. In the Go/No-Go task, reaction omission, reaction rate, and accuracy were measured and compared between groups. In the thought probe task, the SCT group (SCT, SCT+ADHD) showed a higher response rate to mind-wandering in the silent condition than the ADHD and control groups, and the ADHD group (ADHD, SCT+ADHD) showed a higher response rate to external distraction in the noisy condition than the other groups. In the Go/No-Go task, the SCT group made more omissions in the Go condition than the control group. The ADHD group, responded faster in the Go condition and showed less accuracy in the No-Go condition than did the SCT and control groups. This study confirms that individuals with SCT and ADHD may experience other types of distraction in the process of thinking and perception, and also suggests that SCT is a symptom of attention deficit based on internal distraction distinguished from ADHD.

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