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ADHD 하위 유형의 평가에서 굼뜬 인지적 템포와 주의 과제의 진단적 유용성

Diagnostic Discrimination of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo and Attention Task in the Assessment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Subtypes

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주제분류심리과학

초록

ADHD 평가에 사용되는 대부분의 검사들은 ADHD 하위 유형을 구분하지 않거나 복합형에 초점을 두고 개발된 것으로 ADHD 하위 유형의 변별에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 ADHD 하위 유형을 변별하기 위한 검사로 굼뜬 인지적 템포를 포함한 행동평정 척도와 주의 과제를 제안하고, 이들의 진단적 유용성을 확인하고자 하였다. ADHD 집단은 ADHD 복합형과 ADHD 주의력 결핍 우세형으로 분류되었고, 통제집단으로 ADHD의 진단기준을 충족하지 않는 아동들이 선발되었다. 이들의 부모 혹은 교사에게 DSM-IV의 ADHD 진단기준과 굼뜬 인지적 템포를 내용으로 하는 행동평정 척도를 평정하게 했다. 아동들에게는 실행기능 검사와 정향 주의 검사를 실시하였다. 행동평정 척도와 주의 과제를 이용한 판별 분석 결과, ADHD 복합형, ADHD 주의력 결핍 우세형, 정상아동의 세집단을 변별하는 진단 정확율이 93.8%였으며, 교차 타당화 집단에서의 진단 정확율도 86.15%로 나타났다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점이 논의되었다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic availability of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo(SCT) and attention task in discriminating ADHD subtypes. Children diagnosed as ADHD at a local hospital were recruited. ADHD was divided into two group, ADHD combined type and ADHD inattentive type. And children from a local elementary school who did not meet any of criteria for ADHD were also included in this study as the control group. Their Parents or teachers were asked to rate the behavior rating scale consisting of the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and SCT. The executive inhibition task and the covert orienting task were administerd to children. In Multiple Discrimination analysis, two discriminant function were produced. Function I which differentiate control group and ADHD was characterized by hyperactive/impulsivity. And function II which differentiate combined type and inattentive type was characterized SCT, commission errors, and variable of covert orienting task. Three group demonstrated 93.8% of diagnostic precision rate in behavior rating scale, executive inhibition task & covert orienting task. In cross validation, three group demonstrated 86.15% of diagnostic precision rate in behavior rating scale, executive inhibition task & covert orienting task. This discriminant function effectively and consistently differentiated three group. Finally, clinical implication and limitation of this study were discussed.

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