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정서변화가능성 신념이 정서조절방략의 사용과 정서조절결과에 미치는 영향

Effects of Emotional Malleability Beliefs (EMB) on the Use of Emotional Regulation Strategy and Emotion Regulation Result

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초록

정서 변화가능성 신념의 긍정적 기능이 밝혀지며 이를 치료적으로 사용하려는 시도가 나타나고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 연구들은 정서 변화가능성 신념의 적응적 기능에만 집중하고 있으며, 부적응적 기능에 대해서는 아직 충분한 연구가 진행되지 못했다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 정서 변화가능성 신념의 긍정적 효과와 부정적 효과를 함께 확인하고자 했다. 대학생 137명이 실험에 참가했으며, 실험 시작 전 기저선의 정서 변화 가능성 신념(ITE), 부정정서(PANAS), 정서조절방략(ERSQ)을 측정했다. 참가자들은 점증 집단과 독립체 집단에 무선 할당되어 집단별로 정서가 변화 가능하다는 신념과 정서가 고정 되어있다는 신념을 강화하는 과제에 참여했다. 이후 5분 동안 부정적 일화기억을 떠올린 뒤 자신이 현재 사용한 정서조절방략(ERSQ)에 응답하고, 지각된 정서조절 성공 여부에 대해 평정한 뒤 자기비난(CRSQ), 부정정서(PANAS)에 순차적으로 응답했다. 실험결과, 점증신념 조작이 적응적 정서조절방략을 증가시키지는 않았지만 독립체 신념 조작은 적응적 정서조절방략의 사용을 감소시켰다. 부적응적 정서조절방략에서는 신념 조작 종류와 측정시기의 상호작용 효과가 나타나지 않았다. 단순효과를 분석하였을 때, 두 집단 모두 부정적으로 생각하기 방략의 감소를 보였고, 독립체 신념 조작만 타인 비난하기를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 두 집단 간 자기비난의 차이는 없었으며, 지각된 정서조절 성공은 점증 신념에서 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구는 정서 변화가능성 신념의 적응적, 부적응적 영향을 함께 고려하려고 시도했다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 연구의 함의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

As the positive function of emotion malleability beliefs(EMB) has increased, attempts have been made to use them therapeutically. However, most studies have focused only on the adaptive function of EMB, and only few have examined its maladaptive functions. This study examined the adaptive and maladaptive effects of EMB on emotion regulation strategies. A total of 137 university students participated in the experiment along, with their baseline emotional change possibility beliefs (ITE), negative emotions (PANAS), and emotional regulation strategies(ERSQ). Participants were randomly assigned to the malleability or entity groups, and each group participated in the task of strengthening their belief that emotions were either malleable or fixed. They were then asked to recall autobiographical negative memories for five minutes, measure emotion regulation strategies(ERSQ), perceived emotional regulation success, self-criticism(CRSQ), and negative emotions(PANAS). The incremental belief condition did not increase adaptive emotion regulation strategies, whereas the fixed emotion condition reduced the use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies. For the maladaptive emotional control strategy, there was no interaction effect between the type of belief condition and the measurement period. When analyzing the simple effect, both groups reported decreased uses in the “negative thinking”, and only fixed condition reported increased blame for others. There was no difference in self-criticism between the two groups, and perceived emotion regulation success was higher in the malleability group than in the fixed group. This study is meaningful it consider the adaptive and maladaptive effects on EMB. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed.

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