불안변화가능성 신념이 사회불안에 미치는 영향: 정서조절전략의 사용빈도 및 자기효능감의 매개효과
The Association between Anxiety Malleability Belief and Social Anxiety: Mediating Effects of the Frequency and Self-Efficacy of Emotion Regulation Strategies
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초록
본 연구는 불안변화가능성 신념과 사회불안의 관계에서 정서조절전략(인지적 재평가, 정서표현억압)의 사용빈도 및 자기효능감의 매개효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 276명의 대학생들(남성 124명, 여성 152명)을 대상으로 불안변화가능성 신념, 인지적 재평가 사용빈도와 자기효능감, 정서표현억압 사용빈도와 자기효능감, 사회불안, 정서변화가능성 신념, 우울을 자기보고 설문지로 측정하였다. 부트스트래핑의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불안변화가능성 신념과 사회불안의 관계에서 인지적 재평가의 자기효능감이 부분 매개효과를 보였으며, 인지적 재평가의 사용빈도의 매개효과는 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 불안변화가능성 신념과 사회불안의 관계를 정서표현억압의 사용빈도가 부분 매개한 반면, 정서표현억압 자기효능감은 매개하지 않았다. 구체적으로 불안변화가능성 신념이 낮을수록 인지적 재평가 자기효능감이 낮아지고 정서표현억압을 더 빈번하게 사용하며, 이는 각각 높은 사회불안으로 이어짐을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 불안변화가능성 신념이 사회불안에 영향을 미치는 기제에 대한 이론적 함의, 임상적 함의 및 한계점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms by which anxiety malleability beliefs may predict social anxiety with a focus on the role of emotion regulation strategies. Specifically, we hypothesized that the relationship between anxiety malleability beliefs and social anxiety would be mediated by both the frequency and self-efficacy of cognitive appraisal or emotion suppression. Participants were 276 undergraduate students(124 males and 152 females) who completed a series of self-report questionnaires assessing anxiety malleability beliefs, the frequency and self-efficacy of cognitive appraisal and emotion suppression, social anxiety, emotion malleability beliefs, and depression. The results indicated that the relationship between anxiety malleability beliefs and social anxiety was mediated by different aspects of emotion regulation strategies. Interestingly, the self-efficacy of cognitive appraisal and the frequency of emotion suppression individually significantly mediated the effect of anxiety malleability beliefs on social anxiety. Specifically, low levels of anxiety malleability beliefs predicted lower levels of self-efficacy of cognitive appraisal and more frequent use of emotion suppression, which in turn led to higher levels of social anxiety. Based on these results, the theoretical and clinical implications as well as the limitations of the study were discussed.
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