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상담에서의 윤리적 의사결정모델 개관

Ethical Decision-Making Models in Counseling: A Review of the Literature

최영희|이소연|서영석
한국상담심리학회 (Korean Counseling Psychological Association)|2009.11|한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료 (Korean Journal Of Counseling And Psychotherapy)|제21권 제4호|pp. 815-842

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참고문헌

키워드

윤리적 의사결정모델이론 및 철학에 기초한 모델상담실제에 기초한 모델통합 모델ethical decision-making modelsphilosophically based modelspractice-based modelsintegrative models
주제분류심리과학

초록

상담에서의 윤리적 의사결정모델은 윤리적 딜레마, 즉 윤리적 원칙들이 서로 충돌해서 의사결정을 내리기 힘들 때 상담자가 고려해볼 수 있는 이론 및 철학적 관점과 구체적인 실천행동을 제시한다. 본 연구에서는 지금까지 상담심리학 및 관련 분야에서 제기된 윤리적 의사결정모델을 개관하고 이를 토대로 추후 발전방향 및 시사점을 논하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 1984년부터 1998년까지 제기된 의사결정모델들을 개관한 Cottone와 Claus(2000)의 논문과 그 이후 2009년 7월까지 새롭게 제시되었거나 기존의 것을 개정한 모델들을 검토하였다. 이를 토대로 본 연구자들은 윤리적 의사결정모델을 크게 이론 및 철학에 기초한 모델, 상담실제에 기초한 모델, 그리고 통합 모델로 분류하고, 각 영역에 포함되는 구체적인 의사결정모델들의 특징 및 내용을 기술하였다. 한편, 다양한 모델들이 이론 및 철학 그리고 상담실제를 반영해서 제안되었으나, 모델의 실효성 및 유용성에 대한 경험적인 연구들은 많이 수행되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 상담자 교육 및 훈련, 그리고 추후 연구에 대한 시사점을 논하였다.

Abstract

Ethical decision-making models in counseling provide philosophical or theoretical rationales and/or a specific course of actions that counselors can consider in situations involving conflicting ethical standards (i.e., ethical dilemmas). The purpose of the present study was to present a comprehensive review of the literature on ethical decision-making models in counseling. The authors conducted an exhaustive search for ethical decision-making models published beginning in the fall of 1984 through the summer of 2009. They categorized these models into theoretical or philosophically based models, practice-based models, and integrative models. Although the literature is rich with publications describing decision-making models in counseling, few models have been assessed and tested empirically. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for counselor education and future research.

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