주도적 대처, 주의조절력 및 과경계가 지각된 스트레스에 미치는 영향: 조절된 매개효과 분석
The Moderated Mediating Effect of Attentional Control on the Relationship between Proactive Coping, Hypervigilance, and Perceived Stress
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본 연구에서는 주도적 대처, 주의조절력 및 과경계의 관계성에 대한 Aspinwall과 Taylor(1997)의 이론적 논의를 경험적으로 검증하였다. 구체적으로, Aspinwall과 Taylor(1997)는 주도적 대처의 잠재적 부적응으로 과경계가 나타날 수 있음을 주장하였다. 동시에, 이들은 주도적 대처를 사용하면서도 과경계의 가능성을 감소시키기 위해 주의조절력을 배양할 것을 제안하였다. 그러나 각 변인에 대한 선행연구를 고려할 때, 주도적 대처와 주의조절력의 상호작용은 오히려 과경계 수준을 상승시킬 것으로 추론된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주도적 대처와 과경계의 관계를 주의조절력이 역기능적으로 조절하는지 살펴보았다. 또한, 기존의 논의를 확장하여 주의조절력에 따라 주도적 대처와 지각된 스트레스의 관계에서 과경계의 매개효과가 달라지는지 확인하였다. 연구를 위해 한국 성인 521명을 대상으로 주도적 대처, 주의조절력, 과경계, 지각된 스트레스를 측정하는 척도들로 구성된 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 조절효과 및 조절된 매개효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 주도적 대처와 주의조절력의의 상호작용은 과경계에 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 주의조절력 고집단에서만 주도적 대처가 과경계를 통해 지각된 스트레스를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 주도적 대처 증진 프로그램에서 참여자들의 주의조절력 수준을 고려해야 할 필요성을 제기한다. 이를 바탕으로 의의, 시사점 및 제한점을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The present study examined Aspinwall and Taylor’s (1997) theoretical discussions, which suggest that hypervigilance may emerge as a maladjustment for proactive coping, but that attentional control can be cultivated to reduce hypervigilance while using proactive coping strategies. However, prior research on each variable suggests that the interaction of proactive coping and attentional control may increase hypervigilance. This study examined whether the interaction of proactive coping and attentional control increases hypervigilance, and whether attentional control changes the mediating effect of hypervigilance in the relationship between proactive coping and perceived stress. Surveys (PCI, ACQ, BHS, and PSS) were administered to 521 Korean adults, and moderating and moderated mediating effects were analyzed. The results indicated that the interaction of proactive coping and attentional control increased hypervigilance. Additionally, the effect of proactive coping on perceived stress through hypervigilance changed according to attentional control. Implications for intervention, limitations, and research recommendations are discussed.
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