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한국판 de Jong Gierveld 외로움 척도 (K-DJGLS) 타당화 연구: 노인을 대상으로

The Validation Study of the Korean Version of de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale for the Elderly

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초록

본 연구는 de Jong Gierveld 외로움 척도(DJGLS)를 한국어로 번안하여 65세 이상의 노인을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 편의표본추출법을 통해 수집된 65세 이상 386명을 조사 대상자로 선정하고 탐색적 요인분석 및 확인적 요인분석을 실시하기 위하여 조사대상자의 50%를 무선 할당하여 구분하였다. 탐색적 요인분석 결과 한국판 de Jong Gierveld 외로움 척도(K-DJGLS)는 원척도와 동일하게 사회적 외로움, 정서적 외로움 2요인으로 분류되었고 확인적 요인분석 결과 적절한 모형적합도로 나타났다. 준거타당도 검증을 위해 연관 척도들과 상관분석을 실시한 결과 K-DJGLS는 UCLA 외로움 척도 및 단축형 노인 우울척도와는 높은 정적상관을, 자아존중감 척도 및 사회적지지 척도와는 부적상관 관계를 보였고 내적 일관성 신뢰도는 .89로 우수한 수준임을 확인하였다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 한국 노인을 대상으로 한 한국판 de Jong Gierveld 외로움 척도(K-DJGLS)가 신뢰할 만하고 타당한 도구임을 확인하였다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 한계 및 본 척도를 활용한 후속연구에 대하여 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (K=DJGLS) among older adults aged 65 and older. Through exploratory factor analysis of data collected from 386 participants via convenience sampling, the K-DJGLS was found to consist of two factors, social loneliness and emotional loneliness, consistent with the original scale. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated adequate model fit. Correlation analysis with related scales was conducted to verify the scale’s validity. The K-DJGLS exhibited a high positive correlation with the UCLA Loneliness Scale and the Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale, and a negative correlation with the Self-Esteem Scale and the Social Support Scale. The scale demonstrated internal consistency reliability of .89. This study confirms that the K-DJGLS is a reliable and valid instrument.

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