사별 경험 이후 사회적 의미 만들기 척도 타당화 연구
A Study on the Validation of the Korean Version of the Social Meaning-Making Scale for Bereavement Experience
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참고문헌
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초록
본 연구는 사별 경험 이후 의미 만들기 과정에서의 긍정적 및 부정적 사회적 상호작용을 측정하는 한국판 사회적 의미 척도(Social Meaning in Life Events Scale; 이하 SMILES)를 타당화하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 사별 및 트라우마사건을 경험한 성인 845명(2019년)과 사별을 경험한 성인 1,986명(2021년)을 더한 총 2,831명을 연구참여자로 선정하였다. 첫째, 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석 결과, 3요인 구조가 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 내적일치도를 확인한 결과 모두 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 증분타당도를 살펴본 결과 SMILES의 모든 하위요인이 지속비애와 심리적 디스트레스를 예측하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 수렴 및 변별 타당도를 확인한 결과 SMILES의 각 하위요인과 PG-13, SCL-10-R와 유의한 정적상관이, ISLES, ISS와 부적상관이 나타났다. 넷째, 사별경험자 집단과 트라우마사건 경험자 집단 간의 다집단 동일성 검증을 실시한 결과 집단 간 차이가 없는 것으로 나타나 집단 간 동등성이 검증되었다. 마지막으로 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 한국판 SMILES 점수의 차이를 살펴본 결과 연령, 학력, 고인과의 관계, 사별사유에 따른 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 논의 및 시사점이 제시되었다.
Abstract
This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the Social Meaning in Life Events Scale (K-SMILES), which assesses social interactions affecting meaning-making after bereavement. Data collected online were used for people who experienced bereavement and trauma. First, both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the appropriateness of the three-factor structure. Second, internal consistency across all factors was found to be good. Third, the convergent and discriminant validity showed positive correlations with SMILES sub-factors, PG-13, SCL-10-R, and negative correlation with ISLES and ISS. Incremental validity was established as all SMILES sub-factors predicted prolonged grief and psychological distress. Fourth, a Multi-Group Analysis between the bereaved and traumatic groups indicated no significant differences between them. Finally, differences in K-SMILES scores were identified based on sociodemographic characteristics, specifically age, educational background, relationship with the deceased, and type of bereavement. The implications and significance of these findings were discussed.
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