고대 우리 민족과 국가에 관한 중등 역사 교과서의 문제

Abstract

In this thesis, the problems in the descriptions of ancient Korean people and nation in the textbooks of middle and high school history curriculum were pointed out, and their alternatives were looked for based on preceding research in the academic circles. In the textbooks of the middle and high school history curriculum, the problem is that the focus is on the modern and contemporary history and the ancient history is neglected, and therefore, the explanation of the origin of Korean people is omitted or mentioned briefly. Accordingly, based on the recent research achievement on Dongyi Tribe, the origin of Korean people, centered around Liaohe civilization and Articles in 'Year of Byeongsin' on Great King Kwangkaeto’s Tombstone, alternatives were found in order to reflect the research results, which cope with the distortion of history damaging the independence of Korean people, into the textbooks. There’s another problem that the time of the foundation of Gojoseon is described differently depending on a publishing house. Regarding which, even though the foundation time of Gojoseon suggested in <Samgukyusa> and <Dongguktonggam> hasn’t been archaeologically verified clearly, the alternative was proposed that the time of Gojoseon’s foundation should be introduced consistently on the basis of <Samgukyusa> and <Dongguktonggam> while it is described in various contexts and viewpoints. On the other hand, the textbooks with the middle and high school history curriculum have the problem of different standards of Gojoseon’s cultural range depending on publishing companies and making the identity of the ancient Korean countries located in the central and northern parts of the Korean Peninsula vague by limiting Gojoseon’s cultural range up to the central and northern regions of the Korean Peninsula. These problems seem to be related to the existence of Gojinguk that is assumed to have been located in the south-central area of the Korean Peninsula. Yet, in the textbooks of the middle and high school history curriculum, descriptions of Gojinguk are skipped or Gojinguk is explained ambiguously, so the confusion over the identity of ancient Korea can be aggravated. Therefore, as its alternative, the cultural range of Gojoseon and Gojinguk needs to be divided into the north-central region and the south-central region of the Korean Peninsula by reestablishing the relation between Gojoseon and Gojinguk and limiting it to the era of Wiman Joseon based on the studies of the academic world. In addition, there’s the problem that the historical issue of Gija related to Gojinguk is not even introduced in most of the textbooks with the middle and high school history curriculum, and the history of Gojoseon is narrated focusing on Dangun and Wiman. As for which, the alternative was suggested that the historical matter of Gija should be re-examined in ideological and cultural aspects in spite of the controversy over the historical facts of Gija in the political context. As relics of Liahe civilization were excavated recently, the history of ancient Korea is being examined in depth in the academic circles, and scientific methods, such as molecular anthropology, have been developed and improved every day. Once new studies on ancient Korean people and country are systematically reflected into the middle and high school history curriculum through the verification in the academy world, the foundation of history education will be laid out so that the identity of Korean people and country can be reestablished and their status can be improved.