필리핀 2018:권력 집중, 경기 위축, 자주 외교
The Philippines 2018:Concentration of Political Power, Challenging Economy and Independent Foreign Policy
0
조회
0
다운로드
4
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
2018년 필리핀 정치와 경제, 그리고 국제 관계는 ‘권력 집중, 경기 위축, 자주 외교’로 요약할 수 있다. 국내 정치에서는 두테르테 대통령을 중심으로 한 권력 집중 현상이 두드러졌다. 강한 리더십을 내세운 두테르테 정부는 민주화 이후 어떤 정권에서도 이루지 못한 많은 사회적 변화들을 가져왔다. 경제 정책에 있어서도 동아시아 발전 모델의 핵심인 ‘강한 국가’를 표방하면서 국가 주도의 발전 전략을 구사하여 국제 유가 상승과 미․중 무역 갈등 등 많은 악재에도 불구하고 6% 대의 GDP 성장률을 달성했다. 국제 관계에 있어서도 두테르테 정부는 실리 외교와 자주 외교를 통해 중국으로부터는 막대한 투자를 유치했으며, 미국에 대해서는 자존심을 세우는 외교적 성과를 달성했다. 최근 두테르테 정부 하의 필리핀에 대해 민주주의의 후퇴와 권위주의의 부활로 보는 시각도 있다. 그러나 또 다른 관점에서 보면, 두테르테 정부의 ‘강한 국가’ 모델이 경제 발전을 촉진하고, 고착화된 경제적 불평등 구조를 개선하는 방향으로 진행된다면, 장기적으로 필리핀 민주주의를 심화시키는 데 오히려 긍정적으로 작용할 수도 있을 것이다.
Abstract
In 2018, Philippine politics, economy, and international relations can be summarized as ‘concentration of political power, challenging economy and independent foreign policy.’ In domestic politics, the concentration of political power centered on President Duterte was prominent. By claiming strong leadership, the Duterte government has brought many social changes that have not been achieved in any previous administrations. In terms of economy, the Philippines experienced a challenging year but still achieved a GDP growth rate of 6% among many adversary circumstances. The Duterte government adopted the state-led economic development strategy with the character of the ‘strong state’ that is the core of the East Asian development model. In foreign relations, through the practical and independent foreign policy the Duterte government has attracted enormous investment from China, and has achieved diplomatic results that set pride up to the United States. There is a view that democracy is retreating and authoritarianism is resurrected to the Philippines under the Duterte government. However, given the fact that democracy may difficult to be deepening in a country, which is suffering from a serious socioeconomic inequality, a different point of view could be possible. If the ‘strong state’ model of the Duterte government promotes economic development and successfully reforms the deeply rooted socioeconomic structure of inequality, it may act positively in the long term to consolidate democracy in the Philippines.
참고문헌 (45)
- 김동엽, "필리핀 선거제도의 내용과 평가 : 민주주의 공고화의 관점에서", 동남아시아연구, 15(2), pp.67~111 (2005), 한국동남아학회
- 서경교, "태국과 필리핀의 정치변동: 민주화의 후퇴? 재권위주의화?", 동남아시아연구, 28(4), pp.77~114 (2018), 한국동남아학회[DOI]
- "정책브리핑, 제7차 한-필리핀 정책 협의회(11.6) 개최 결과" (2018)[URL]
- "수리온 헬기, 필리핀 수출 사실상 불발" (2018)[URL]
- "文대통령, 두테르테와 정상 회담…‘필리핀과 한국은 특별한 친구’" (2018)[URL]
- "Supreme Court ousts Chief Justice Sereno" (2018)[URL]
- "Communists plotting to topple Duterte by October, claims AFP" (2018)[URL]
- "Analyst says Duterte has growing dictatorial tendency; Palace says ‘nonsense’" (2018)[URL]
- "China, ASEAN to hold maritime drill to ease tensions" (2018)[URL]
- "PHL growth to slow, still ‘robust’- ADB" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte vs. God" (2018)[URL]
- Huntington, Samuel P., "The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century" (1991), University of Oklahoma Press
- Kim, Dong-Yeob, "Transforming Western Democracy in Southeast Asia: The Case of Lanao del Sur, the Philippines", International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies, 14(1), pp.107~132 (2018)
- Lipset, Seymour Martin, "Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy", The American Political Science Review, 53(1), pp.69~105 (1959)
- "Survey Indicators of the State of Democracy.” Presentation for “Democracy in the Crosshairs, at the 10th anniversary of the Eisenhower Fellows Association of the Philippines" (2018)[URL]
- "CA decision upholding revocation of Rappler’s registration not about press freedom" (2018)[URL]
- Migdal, Joel S., "Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World" (1988), Princeton University Press
- "TIMELINE: The many times Duterte and Sereno clashed" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte revokes Trillanes' amnesty ‘effective immediately’" (2018)[URL]
- "Return of Balangiga Bells: ‘Time of solemn remembrance’" (2018)[URL]
- "More soldiers key to stopping armed groups in Samar ? military officer" (2018)[URL]
- "A Staple Problem? History of rice crisis in the Philippines" (2018)[URL]
- Shugart, Matthew S., "Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics" (1992), Cambridge University Press
- "Fourth Quarter 2018 Social Weather Survey: Pres. Duterte's Net Satisfaction rating rises to “Very Good” +60" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte: I’m really a dictator" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte signs executive order on ‘endo’" (2018)[URL]
- "Elite leading resistance to federalism – Puno" (2018)[URL]
- "Malacanang welcomes ‘movement’ of Balangiga Bells back to PH" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte ‘always welcome’ to visit US – official" (2018)[URL]
- "No classes, gov’t work in Manila on Nov. 20 due to China’s Xi Jinping visit" (2018)[URL]
- "PH, China to set up panel for joint exploration deal" (2018)[URL]
- "ADB sees Philippine inflation at 10-year high of 5.3% in 2018" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte signs law on national ID system" (2018)[URL]
- "US discourages Philippines from acquiring Russian weapons" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte places Customs under military control" (2018)[URL]
- "Philippines seen struggling to reverse weakening economic growth momentum" (2018)[URL]
- "FULL TEXT: Joint statement of the Philippines and China" (2018)[URL]
- "ICC continues initial review of Duterte, drug war despite Philippine withdrawal" (2018)[URL]
- "PAF buying US Black Hawks, not Russian helicopters" (2018)[URL]
- "Palace claims Duterte's drug war protects lives on Human Rights Day" (2018)[URL]
- "Return of Balangiga bells time for healing, closure" (2018)[URL]
- "Mindanao martial law extension contrary to Constitution" (2018)[URL]
- "Nearly 500,000 ‘endo’ workers regularized in 2018" (2018)[URL]
- "Duterte-media’s tense relations worsened in 2018" (2019)[URL]
- "Duterte: Philippines will not buy weapons from US" (2019)[URL]