태국어의 동사구 구조에 관한 연구

Abstract

This study aims to analyze interrelations between semantic structure and syntactic structure of Thai verb phrase. Thai verb phrase consist of head verbs, front and rear constituent of verb and combinations of modifiers. The tense in Thai is divided into present, past and future. Present tense is shown by the single use of verbs; combination of rear auxiliary verb /laew/ and head verb is used for past tense; combination of front auxiliary verb /ca/ and head verb is used for future tense. Aspectual meaning of Thai is expressed through combination of head verb and rear auxiliary verb /laew/ for the perfect tense. There are 3 aspects in imperfect tense, which are progressive, iterative and simulative. Progressive aspect is expressed by combining front auxiliary verb /kamlang/ and rear auxiliary verb /ju/ with head verbs. For iterative aspect, present and past iterative aspects are expressed through combination of front auxiliary verb /makca/ and head verbs, but future iterative aspect is expressed through head verbs and adverbs of frequency. Rear verb /paj/ is combined with each head verbs to express simulative aspect. Meaning of modals are usually expressed by combining head verbs and front auxiliary verb related to the meaning and also by verb constructions using part of second verbs in Thai language. On the other hand, object forms assume the characteristics of a noun phrase in transitive verb construction but take gerund as object depending on the characteristics of verb. Causative transitive verb /haj/ and passive transitive verb /thuk/, which express the meaning of cause and passivity, take clauses as objects. When normal transitive verbs take clauses as objects then it will have the structure of noun clause induced by complemetizers like /thi/, /wa / and /haj/.